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簡介：河南大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文我國瑜伽經(jīng)營機構(gòu)的營銷策略探析姓名王昉申請學(xué)位級別碩士專業(yè)傳播學(xué)指導(dǎo)教師楊海軍20100501我國瑜伽經(jīng)營機構(gòu)的營銷策略探析ABSTRACTASAMODEMWAYOFBODYBUILDING，CONTEMPORARYYOGAHASBEENACKNOWLEDGEDANDUNDERSTOODBYMOSTOFTHEPEOPLEINOURCOUNTRYFROMTHE1980’SRECENTLYASTHESPEEDYDEVELOPMENTOFOURCOUNTRY’SECONOMYTHEIMPROVEMENTOFTHEPEOPLE’SINCOMEANDHEALTHYAWARENESS，ANDTHEENHANCEMENTOFTHEPEOPLE’SAESTHETICCONCEPT，YOGAHASBEENPOPULARINOURCOUNTRYTHEVARIEDOPERATIONALINSTITUTIONS，WHICHCARRYOUTTHEIRCOMMERCIALOPERATIONSTOCENTERAROUNDTHEYOGA，HAVEBECOMEATRADEANDASTHEMAINOPERATIONALPARTOFTHEINDUSTRYYOGAOPERATIONALINSTITUTIONSWENTINTOTHEDAILYLIFEOFTHEPEOPLETENYEARSAGO，THOUGHTHEDEVELOPMENTOFTHISBURGEOMNG“NGWASSHORT，ITSOPERATIONALMODEWASNOTSTABLE，ITSMARKETINGSTRATEGYWASNOTTHESAMEANDITSDEVELOPINGPROSPECTWASSTILLRESEARCHEDINTHISESSAYTHEAUTHORWILLDIVIDETHEYOGAOPERATIONALINSTITUTIONSINTOBODYBUILDINGCLUBSANDBEAUTYPARLORSWHICHOPENTHEYOGAACTIVITIES，MEDIUMANDSMALLPROFESSIONALYOGASTUDIOS，YOGATRAININGCOLLEGES，ANDTHECHAINOFCOMPREHENSIVEYOGAENTERPRISESANDSERVICEINSTITUTIONSANDTHEAUTHORWILLALSODESCRIBEANDANALYZETHEMAJORMARKETINGSTRATEGYONTHISBASIS，THEAUTHORWILLPUTFORWARDTHEPROBLEMSANDTHEOPERATIONALDILEMMAOFTHEMARKETINGSTRATEGYOFTHEYOGAOPERATIONALINSTITUTIONSINOURCOUNTRYTHEEMPHASISOFTHEARTICLEISTOCOMBINEMARKETING，COMMUNICATION，ADVERTISEMENT，SOCIOLOGYSPORTSSCIENCE，PSYCHOLOGYANDTHEOTHERSUBJECTS謝T11THESEQUESTIONSANDDILEMMASANDPUTFORWARDRELEVANTSUGGESTIONSANDCOUNTERMEASURESONTHEBASISOFTHEABOVEANALYSISANDRESEARCH，THELASTPARTOFTHEESSAYMAKEADISCUSSANDEXPECTATIONOFTHEDEVELOPINGPROSPECTOFTHEYOGAOPERATIONALINSTITUTIONSINOURCOUNTRYANDBRINGFORWARDTHATITISTHENECESSARYTRENDTOESTABLISHIL

簡介：武漢體育學(xué)院碩士學(xué)位論文經(jīng)營性體育舞蹈俱樂部營銷策略的研究姓名余璐申請學(xué)位級別碩士專業(yè)體育教育訓(xùn)練學(xué)指導(dǎo)教師胡建國20100601IIABSTRACTWITHTHECURRENTIMPROVEMENTOFLIVINGSTARDTHEESTABLISHMENTIMPROVEMENTOFMARKETECONOMYPEOPLEINTHEPURSUITOFQUALITYOFLIFEWHILEWANTTOHAVEBOTHPHYSICALMENTALAESTHETICPLEASURESOMONOTONOUSRUNNINGSWIMMINGCANNOTAPPEASETHECURRENTNEEDSOFTHEPEOPLEPEOPLEALWAYSLOOKFAREASINSPTCHANGETHEWAYSOSPTSDANCEEVOLVEDINTOABROADMASSESOFPEOPLECANPARTICIPATEINNEWSPTPROJECTSDANCESPTSCLUBASASPTSINDUSTRYHASBEENRAPIDLYDEVELOPEDALTHOUGHTHELATEDEVELOPMENTOFSPTSDANCEMARKETBUTTHERAPIDDEVELOPMENTINRECENTYEARSDANCECLUBASTHESPTSBUSINESSISTHEMAINSPTSDANCEFITNESSMARKETINTHEFUTURETHEQUALITYOFMARKETINGSTRATEGYDIRECTLYRELATEDTOSURVIVALDEVELOPMENTOFTHECLUBINDERTOAPPEASETHEMARKETENVIRONMENTVARIABTHEDIVERSITYOFCUSTOMERNEEDSDANCESPTSCLUBSSHOULDEXPLENEWMARKETINGSTRATEGIESCREATEMECUSTOMERSPROMOTETHEDEVELOPMENTOFSPTSDANCEPROJECTTHISPAPERUSESDOCUMENTLITERATUREINTERVIEWSCOMPARATIVELAWQUESTIONNAIRESURVEYMATHEMATICALSTATISTICSANALYSISOFTHESTATUSOFSPTSMARKETINGDANCECLUBCONCLUSIONS1BUSINESSSPTDANCECLUBHASAGOODMARKETPROSPECTBUTNOWSMALLDANCECLUBISTHEMOSTCONSIDERABLEPARTOFTHESPTSDANCECLUBHASWRYINGPROFIT2ANALYSISOFTHEMARKETINGENVIRONMENTOFSPTSDANCECLUBITHINKTHATTHEPOPULATIONENVIRONMENTECONOMICENVIRONMENTSOCIALCULTURALENVIRONMENTTHECOMPETITIVENESSOFTHEENTERPRISESALLTHEFACTSOFDEVELOPINGINSPTDANCECLUB3CHINESEDANCESPTSCLUBHAVEASIMILARMARKETINGMODELTHELACKOFDIFFERENCEBETWEENDANCECLUBSPTSMARKETINGIDEASANALYSISOFTHEOBJECTOFMARKETINGISNOTCLEARTHEREFEMARKETINGRESULTISNOTSATISFACTY4THROUGHANALYSISOFCONSUMERBEHAVICONCLUDEDTHEREARE7CLASSGROUPSTHEYAREMANAGERSOWNERSINTELLECTUALSBLUECOLLARRETIREESCOLLEGESTUDENTSYOUNGCHILDREN5NOWSPTSDANCECLUBCARDKINDOFCOMPLETESETCONSUMERSAREMEOPTIONSBUTMELESSONSOFDANCESPTCLUBISNOTREASONABLEDONOTATTACHIMPTANCETOTHELESSONSOFELDERLYBYCOMPARINGTHECLUBPRICINGTARGETCUSTOMERSMECONSISTENTPSYCHOLOGICALPRICEPARTOFTHECLUBREASONABLYPRICEDALTHOUGHTHEREAREALOTOFPROMOTIONALMETHODSHOWEVERMOSTFOCUSONSHTTERMPRICEWAROFTENCANNOTMAKEPROMISESFSHTTERMPROFITSKEYWDSOPERATINGSPTDANCECLUBMARKETINGSTRATEGYMARKETINGMIX

簡介：武漢體育學(xué)院碩士學(xué)位論文海南省游泳場館服務(wù)經(jīng)營現(xiàn)狀與差異化營銷策略研究姓名王舉申請學(xué)位級別碩士專業(yè)體育教育訓(xùn)練學(xué)指導(dǎo)教師王超英20100601IIABSTRACTTHEAUTHOFTHESTUDYTHROUGHTHELITERATUREFOUNDTHAT1RESEARCHOFTHESWIMMINGVENUESERVICECONDITIONTHEMARKETINGISNOTMUCHMOSTLYISCARRIESONTHECONCISEABOUTTHEPUBLICSPTSCOMPLEXESMANAGEMENTPERHAPSTHELARGESCALESPTSCOMPLEXESPLANTHEMANAGEMENTELABATIONTHESWIMMINGVENUESSERVICETHEMANAGEMENTHAVEITSUNIQUEMERITBUTVERYLITTLEDISCOVEREDREGARDINGTHISCARRIES2SINCE1995PROMULGATED“NATIONALFITNESSPROGRAM“SPECIALLYAFTER2001“NATIONALAMATEURSWIMMINGTRAININGSTARDS“WASPROMULGATEDENACTEDTHEPUBLICSWIMINTHENATIONALPOPULACECONSIDERABLEDEVELOPMENTIN2008BEIJINGOLYMPICGAMESTHEPOPULACESWAMTHEDEVELOPMENTHASACHIEVEDAHIGHTIDEPERIODBUTTHERESEARCHABOUTHAINANPROVINCESSWIMMINGVENUESERVICECONDITIONTHEMARKETINGISBLACK3HAINANPROVINCESWIMMINGVENUESERVICE’SCONDITIONHAVEANYPROBLEMINFLUENCEFACTSASWELLASHOWTODISPLAYTHEDEVELOPMENTASPECTGEOGRAPHYSUPERIITYINTHEPOPULACEINHAINANPROVINCETHEATONEMENTINFERIITYWHATMARKETINGMETHODSHOULDREALIZESTHESWIMMINGVENUESENTERPRISEMISSIONTHESOCIALVALUEWHICHQUESTIONWENEEDTOPAYATTENTIONCONSIDERBASEDONTHEABOVESPOTSAUTHWANTSRESEARCHSWIMMINGVENUESERVICEOPERATIONCONDITIONTHEVARIATIONMARKETINGQUESTIONATTEMPTSTODISCOVERYNEWWAYABOUTTHESWIMMINGVENUEMARKETINGHOPETHENEWWAYCANLEADSHAINANPROVINCESWIMMINGVENUEOPERATASWELLASTHEGOVERNMENTSPTSDEPARTMENTPROVIDESCERTAINREFERENCETHISRESEARCHHASANALYSISTHEHAINANPROVINCESWIMMINGVENUEPRIMARYSERVICECONDITIONOPERATIONCONDITIONEMPHASISFINDNEWIDEAOFTHEHAINANPROVINCESWIMMINGVENUEMARKETINGTHISSTUDYHASFOCUSEDONBASICSERVICESINHAINANPROVINCESITUATIONANALYSISOFTHESWIMMINGCOMPLEXASWIMMINGPOOLCOMPLEXINHAINANPROVINCEHAINANPROVINCEOPERATIONALSTATUSOFTHENEWSWIMMINGCOMPLEXMARKETINGCONCEPTSSWIMMINGPOOLCOMPLEXONHAINANFIELDTRIPSTOSTUDYINHAINANPROVINCEOFTHESWIMMINGCOMPLEXINFMATIONINTERVIEWSWITHRELEVANTEXPERTSTOCONCLUDETHISARTICLEAREASFOLLOWS1THEOVERALLLEVELOFTHESWIMMINGCOMPLEXINHAINANPROVINCEISNOTQUITERATIONALINTHE

簡介：重慶大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文體育中介公司的經(jīng)營管理及市場營銷策略姓名江森清申請學(xué)位級別碩士專業(yè)工商管理指導(dǎo)教師張衛(wèi)國2000101重壅查蘭堡主堂垡堡苧』些塑一ABSTRACTINTHISARTICLE．IHAVEAPPLIEDTHEBASICTHEORIESANDWAYINMANAGEMENT，ECONORMCS，MARKETINGALLSTRATEGICMANAGEMENTWITHMYEXPERIERCEINWORKTOANALYSETHESOCIALBENEFIT，ECONOMICVALUE，THEDEMANDOFMARKETANDCONSUMPTIONBEHAVIOROFTHEPHYSICALINDUSTRYANDITSMARKET．ANDUNDERTHEFOUNDADONOFTHEREANALYSES，IHAVEGIVEAFULLEXPLANATIONONTHEROLESPLAYEDBYSPORTSINTHESOCIALECONOMICDEVELOPMENTANDTHERELATIONSBETWEENSPORTSANDECONOMICDEVELOPMENT．ANDIHAVEALSOANALYSEDTHESITUATIONOFPHYSICALINDUSTRYDEVELOPMENTOPPOMMITIESANDCHALLENGESWHICHWILLBEMET．IHAVEGIVENATHOROUGHANDDEEPANALYSISANDSTUDYONTHEMANAGEMENLTHEWAYOFOPERATING，MARKETINGTACTICSOFPHYSICALMEDIAINPHYSICALBUSIESMATCHANDRⅫFORMANCE，PUTTINGFORWARDTHEPROBLEMSANDTHEIRREASONOFTHEPHYSICALMEDIACORPORATIONINITSPRACTICALOPERATION．AISOIHAVERAISEDTHEMEASURESANDSUGGESTIONWHICHCANIMPROVETHESOUNDDEVELOPMENTOFTHEPHYSICALMEDIACORPORATION．ANDTHEMARKETINGSTRATE臥’FORMEDIACORPORATION，SPONSOM．AUDIENCES．CLUBS．SPORTTEAMSANDHOSTCITIESWHICH她LLBCNEFITALLSIDESHAVEBEENMADE．ATLASTIHAVESUMMARIZEDTHEBASICMETHODSANDPROCEDURESOFTHEMANAGEMENTANDOPERATIONOFPHYSICALMATCHINTHEPHYSICALMEDIACORPORATION．ANDTHEMARKETINGSTRATEGIESOFADVANTAGECONCENTRATING．INTEGRATIONANDDIFIERENTIATIONARESUGGESTEDT0BEADOPTEDBASINGONTHEBUSINESSDEVELOPMENTRIGHTWHICHWILLBEOBTAINEDBYTHEWHOLLYORPARTIALLYPURCHASINGANDSELFARRANGEMENTGAMES．ITHASALSOBEENPRESENTEDTHEDETAILEDSETTLEMENTFORTHEMARKETPROMOTIONWORKFORGAMEADVERTISEMENTANDTICKETSELLING．ANDIHAVEALSOGIVENANUSEFULEXPLORATIONONTHEDEVELOPMENTOFPHYSICALMATCHEVENTSANDTHEWAYSOFMARKETING．ITWILLPLAYEDAGUIDINGROLEMTHEPRACTICALOPCRATLONOFSPORTSGAMEPROJECTS．KEYWORDSPHYSICALINDUSTRYPHYSICALMEDIAMARKETING

簡介：武漢理工大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文博客經(jīng)營與博客營銷研究姓名晏文松申請學(xué)位級別碩士專業(yè)傳播學(xué)指導(dǎo)教師夏曉鳴20071101武漢理I人學(xué)碩十學(xué)位論文為博客營銷中，應(yīng)用的是博客的傳播特點和渠道價值，其主體是廣告商和企業(yè)。企業(yè)應(yīng)用博客作為平臺進行營銷是對企業(yè)網(wǎng)站的有力補充，增強了企業(yè)的公關(guān)能力，是一種很好形式的口碑營銷和促銷手段。而更大范圍的建設(shè)企業(yè)全員參與的企業(yè)博客圈便于加強企業(yè)凝聚力和員工活躍程度。本文展望博客的發(fā)展前景，在之前得出的博客是社會化網(wǎng)絡(luò)的個人接口的結(jié)論基礎(chǔ)之上，提出博客可以和各種形式的網(wǎng)絡(luò)產(chǎn)品相結(jié)合，尤其是與BBS，C2C網(wǎng)上交易等互動性強的網(wǎng)絡(luò)形式結(jié)合，這將給博客的發(fā)展提供了巨大的空間，面不斷出現(xiàn)的新技術(shù)將提供給博客的形式和內(nèi)容的發(fā)展提供強大的支持。關(guān)鍵詞互動，個性化，博客經(jīng)營。博客營銷Ⅱ

簡介：ABSTRACTI澳門公文式教育特許經(jīng)營澳門公文式教育特許經(jīng)營營銷策略營銷策略研究研究MACAUKUMONFRANCHISEMARKETINGSTRATEGY摘要眾所周知，21世紀(jì)是人才的世紀(jì)，無論是知識科技領(lǐng)域還是市場經(jīng)濟發(fā)展，都有一定的人才需求。在這個信息激增，社會變革頻繁的時代，人們都需要不斷的學(xué)習(xí)。基于這個原因，公文式教育在世界范圍內(nèi)流行起來。學(xué)習(xí)這個方法的目的是為了令到群體學(xué)習(xí)中學(xué)生的不同個性得到尊重。度身訂做一個最適合的教育方法給學(xué)生。它以其獨特的自學(xué)方式和良好的學(xué)習(xí)效果，獲得學(xué)生、家長與及教師的認(rèn)可。公文理念的實現(xiàn)，依賴于它編排有序、科學(xué)、系統(tǒng)的自學(xué)教材。另一方面，更重要是依賴于導(dǎo)師正確的教育觀念，以及在這種觀念指導(dǎo)下對學(xué)生進行的有效的輔導(dǎo)。在這個適切的環(huán)境當(dāng)中，公文式教育得到了很大的發(fā)展空間，澳門公文式教育在2012年也獲得了極大的突破?；谀壳暗娜瞬攀袌霭l(fā)展，公文式教育機構(gòu)應(yīng)該更為適應(yīng)當(dāng)前的市場需求，要在激烈的市場競爭中尋求生存和持續(xù)發(fā)展，選擇更適應(yīng)自身資源能力狀況和外部環(huán)境變化的經(jīng)營策略已成為未來成敗的關(guān)鍵影響的因素。公文式教育是特許經(jīng)營項目，在營銷上需要進行新的研究和發(fā)展。本文以公文香港有限公司澳門公文式教育為研究對象，主要通過分析澳門公文式教育的TP定位，在分析當(dāng)前澳門公文式教育發(fā)展的現(xiàn)狀、存在的問題，以及對澳門公文式教育進行SWOT策略分析，提出澳門公文式教育發(fā)展策略的整體理論指導(dǎo)。并且通過對澳門公文式教育特許經(jīng)營方式的整體概述和營銷策略發(fā)展，總結(jié)澳門公文式教育未來的發(fā)展，并提出解決當(dāng)前問題的意見和建議。完善的營銷策略對于澳門公文式教育提高市場競爭力具有重要的意義，企業(yè)的核心價值及形象的推廣促使人們對企業(yè)的信任度提高，是澳門公文式教育的重要方向，如何運用各種營銷理論和營銷策略指導(dǎo)實踐是本文探究的目的所ABSTRACTIIIABSTRACTASEVERYONEKNOWSHETWENTYFIRSTCENTURYISTHECENTURYOFHUMANRESOURCESBOTHTHEKNOWLEDGEOFSCIENCETECHNOLOGYTHEDEVELOPMENTOFTHEMARKETECONOMYHAVEACERTAINTALENTDEMTHESURGEINTHEINFMATIONTIMESSOCIALCHANGEFREQUENTLYPEOPLENEEDTOKEEPLEARNINGBASEDONTHISTHEDOCUMENTTYPEISPOPULARINTHEWLDTHEMETHODTOPROMOTERESPECTFTHEPERSONALITYOFSTUDENTSCOLLECTIVELEARNINGBEJUSTPERFECTTOGIVESTUDENTSTHEEDUCATIONWITHITSUNIQUEWAYOFLEARNINGGOODLEARNINGEFFECTGETTHEMAJITYOFTEACHERSSTUDENTSPARENTSRECOGNIZEDWETHINKTHEREALIZATIONOFDOCUMENTCONCEPTONONEHDEPENDSONITSSCHEDULINGDERLYSCIENTIFICSYSTEMATICSELFSTUDYMATERIALSONTHEOTHERHMEIMPTANTISDEPENDENTONACRECTCONCEPTOFEDUCATIONTEACHERSGUIDANCEFSTUDENTSINTHISCONCEPTUNDERTHEGUIDANCEOFTHEEFFECTIVEINTHISBACKGROUNDDOCUMENTTYPEOFEDUCATIONHASGOTGREATDEVELOPMENTSPACEDOCUMENTEDUCATIONHASMADEAGREATBREAKTHROUGHIN2012ATPRESENTTHETALENTMARKETDEVELOPMENTBASEDONTHEDOCUMENTTYPEEDUCATIONALINSTITUTIONSSHOULDBEMETOADAPTTOTHECURRENTMARKETDEMWANTTOINTHEFIERCEMARKETCOMPETITIONFSURVIVALSUSTAINABLEDEVELOPMENTADAPTTOITSOWNRESOURCESCONDITIONTHEEXTERNALENVIRONMENTCHANGEMANAGEMENTSTRATEGYHASBECOMETHEKEYFACTSTHATAFFECTTHEFUTURESUCCESSOFTHEDOCUMENTTYPEOFEDUCATIONISTHECONCESSIONARYPROJECTSINMARKETINGNEEDSTOCARRYONTHERESEARCHDEVELOPMENTOFNEWACCDINGTOTHEDOCUMENTTYPEDOCUMENTLIMITEDHONGKONGCOMPANYINMACAOASTHERESEARCHOBJECTMAINLYTHROUGHTHEANALYSISOFTPLOCATIONMACAODOCUMENTTYPEINTHEANALYSISOFTHECURRENTSTATUSOFMACAODOCUMENTTYPEOFDEVELOPMENTEXISTINGPROBLEMSASWELLASTOTHEMACAODOCUMENTTYPEOFSWOTSTRATEGICANALYSISPUTFWARDTHETHEYOFDEVELOPMENTSTRATEGYINMACAOTHROUGHTOTHEMACAODOCUMENTTYPEOFFRANCHISEMODEOFOVERALLOVERVIEWMARKETINGSTRATEGYDEVELOPMENTSUMMARIZESTHEMACAODOCUMENTTYPEOFFUTUREDEVELOPMENTPUTFWARDTOSOLVETHECURRENTPROBLEMOFTHEOPINIONSSUGGESTIONSPERFECT

簡介：分類號密級學(xué)號20090403030133學(xué)位論文沈陽市高爾夫俱樂部經(jīng)營現(xiàn)狀及營銷戰(zhàn)略研究以沈水灣俱樂部為例研究生姓名王新建指導(dǎo)教師羅嘉司教授申請學(xué)位級別申請學(xué)位種類碩士□教育學(xué)□理學(xué)□醫(yī)學(xué)□體育學(xué)申請學(xué)位類別□全日制學(xué)術(shù)型碩士學(xué)位□全日制應(yīng)用型碩士學(xué)位□在職專業(yè)碩士學(xué)位□同等學(xué)力專業(yè)（領(lǐng)域）方向體育教育訓(xùn)練學(xué)專業(yè)排球方向論文提交日期2012年3月論文答辯日期2012年5月沈陽體育學(xué)院2012年3月獨創(chuàng)性聲明獨創(chuàng)性聲明本人聲明，所呈交的學(xué)位論文是在導(dǎo)師的指導(dǎo)下獨立完成的。論文中取得的研究成果除加以標(biāo)注和致謝的地方外，不包含其他人己經(jīng)發(fā)表或撰寫過的研究成果，也不包括本人為獲得其他學(xué)位而使用過的材料。與我一同工作的同志對本研究所做的任何貢獻均已在論文中作了明確的說明并表示謝意。學(xué)位論文作者簽名日期學(xué)位論文版權(quán)使用授權(quán)書本學(xué)位論文作者和指導(dǎo)教師完全了解沈陽體育學(xué)院有關(guān)保留、使用學(xué)位論文的規(guī)定即學(xué)校有權(quán)保留并向國家有關(guān)部門或機構(gòu)送交論文的復(fù)印件和磁盤，允許論文被查閱和借閱。本人同意沈陽體育學(xué)院可以將學(xué)位論文的全部或部分內(nèi)容編入有關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)庫進行檢索、交流。作者和導(dǎo)師同意網(wǎng)上交流的時間為作者獲得學(xué)位后半年□一年□一年半□兩年□學(xué)位論文作者簽名導(dǎo)師簽名簽字日期簽字日期

簡介：蘭州大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文甘肅電信全業(yè)務(wù)經(jīng)營下的營銷策略研究姓名曹新寶申請學(xué)位級別碩士專業(yè)工商管理指導(dǎo)教師萬紅波20090401MBA學(xué)位論文作者曾新寶II肅電信傘業(yè)務(wù)經(jīng)營下的營銷策略研究ABSTRACTTHEWHOLEBUSINESSMAINLYCONTAINSTHETELECOMMUNICATIONSERVICEWHICHISREFERSTOSIMULTANEOUSLYMANAGINGTHEMOBILE，THEFIXED，THEDATANET，CARRYINGOUTTHETURNINGONSERVICEATPRESENTTHEGLOBALTELECOMMUNICATIONSINDUSTRYDEVELOPSRAPIDLYANDTHEWHOLEBUSINESSISALSOCONSIDEREDTHEMAINSTREAMPATTERNWHICHWILLMANAGEINTHEFUTURETHEUSANDOTHERADVANCEDCOUNTRIES’TELECOMMUNICATIONOPERATORSAREWALKINGTOWARDTHISDIRECTIONTHEBIGGESTMOBILECOMMUNICATIONCOMPANYINPRESENTINTHEWORLDATTCORPORATIONEXPANDEDTHEWHOLEBUSINESSMARKETDEVELOPMENTSTRATEGYWHICHCAUSESTHEUSTOBECOMEITSHOMEBIGGESTMOBILECOMMUNICATIONOPERATORTHEBROADBANDACCESSSUPPLIERTHESINGAPORETELECOMMUNICATION’SWHOLEBUSINESSDEVELOPMENTSTRATEGYALSOWHICHCAUSESITTHEBETTERMOSTINFIXEDLINETELEPHONEINTHEHOMEANDALSOTHEMARKETPACEMAKEROFDATACOMMUNICATIONANDTHEMOBILECOMMUNICATIONCHINATELECOMMUNICATIONSERVICEHASCARDEDONTHESIGNIFICANTSERVICEREORGANIZATIONREFORMINMA弘2008，THENATIONALCAPITALCOMMITTEEANDTHEINDUSTRIALIZATIONANDTHETELECOMMUNICATIONINDUSTRIALDEPARTMENTANNOUNCEDTHECHINESETELECOMMUNICATIONREORGANIZATIONREFORMPLANOFFICIALLYOFAREQUESTRELATEDPROFESSIONSHOULDUSEFORREFERENCEDEVELOPSTHEENTIREACCOUNTEXECUTIVEGANSUTELECOMMUNICATIONIMPLEMENTSTHEWHOLEBUSINESS，BYTELECOMMUNICATIONPRODUCT，MARKETANDMARKETINGAFTERTHEIMPLEMENTATION，HOWDOTHEMARKETINGBECOMESTHEURGENTMATTERTHEAUTHORHASENGAGEDINTHETELECOMMUNICATIONMARKETINGWORKFORMANYYEARSANDPASSEDTHROUGHTHREEYEARFORMBAANDUNIFIEDTHECURRENTPRACTICALWORKKEYAFTERHAVINGANALYZEDGANSUTELECOMMUNICATIONIMPLEMENTSTHEWHOLEBUSINESSMARKETENVIRONMENT，THEOPERATIONCONDITIONINADDITIONTHEAUTHORPOINTEDOUTITSPRESENTFLAWASWELLASTHEINELASTICITYANDPOINTEDPROPOSED‘THEPROMOTIONMARKETINGTROOPPERSONNELQUALITYTHEADJUSTMENTMARKETINGORGANIZATIONESTABLISHMENT，STRENGLHENSTHEMARKETINGCOMMUNICATIONCHANNEL，TOCARRYONTHEMARKETPROPAGANDAEFFECTIVELY”ANDSOONWORKMEASURES，WHICHHAVECERTAINGUIDINGSENSETOPRACTICEINTHEWORKKEYWORDSMARKETING，MARKETINGSTRATEGY，THEWHOLEBUSINESSII

簡介：南京郵電大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文電信企業(yè)全業(yè)務(wù)經(jīng)營時代的精確營銷姓名何愛兵申請學(xué)位級別碩士專業(yè)企業(yè)管理指導(dǎo)教師高斌20090408南京郵電大學(xué)碩．J學(xué)位論文電信企業(yè)全業(yè)務(wù)經(jīng)營時代的精確營銷ABSTRACTITBECOMESSOCRUCIA【FORATELECOMMUNICATIONSERVICEPROVIDERTOWINCOMPETITIONINFUTTSERVICEARENA，WHETHERITCANMASTERTHEARTOFHOWTOIDENTIFYANDCAPTURETHECUSTOMER。SINDIVIDUALREQUIREMENTSANDPREFERENCES，HOWTOTRANSLATESUCHINTOTHECLIENTBASEDPRECISIONMARKETING，ANDHOWTODELIVERRIGHTAPRODUCTORSERVICEATARIGHTTIMEANDTHROUGHARIGHTCHANNEL．PRECISIONMARKETINGTOATELECOMMUNICATIONSERVICEPROVIDEREMPHASIZESPRECISIONANDACCURACYINUNDERSTANDINGTHEMARKETANDTHECUSTOMERS，LEVERAGINGMODERNNETWORKANDDATABASETECHNOLOGY，COMBININGUSESOFQUANTITATIVEANDQUALITATIVEMETHODOLOGIES，DETAILINGANALYSESOFTHETARGETMARKETANDCONSUMERSANDFORMULATINGCOMMUNICATIONANDSERVICEMODEOFPERSONAIIZAT{ONANDCUSTOMIZATIONBASEDONPSYCHOLOGICALANDBEHAVIORALCHARACTERISTICSOFTHETARGETCUSTOMERS，WITHANAIMTOACHIEVEMEASURABLYABUSINESSMODELOFTOWERCOSTEXPANSIONANDENHANCEREMARKABLYCOMPETITIVEADVANTAGESINAFULLSERVICEERAFORTELECOMMUNICATIONSERVICEPROVIDERS．THISPAPERPROVIDESACOMPREHENSIVEANALYSISONPROFOUNDCHANGESTODOMESTICTELECOMMUNICATIONOPERATIONSBROUGHTABOUTBYTELECOMMUNICATIONRESTRUCTURINGANDISSUANCEOF3GIICENSES，SUMMARIZESTHEBASICCONCEPTSANDITSIMPORTANTFUNCTIONSOFPRECISIONMARKETING，ELABORATESONEFFECTIVETECHNIQUESTOSEGMENTTELECOMMUNICATIONMARKETBASEDONDATAMININGTECHNOLOGY，ANDANALYZESTHEPRACTICALSIGNIFICANCEBYCASESTUDYOFHOWTELECOMMUNICATIONSERVICEPROVIDERSCANADOPTPRECISIONMARKETINGINTHEERAOFFULLSERVICETOENHANCEITSOWNCOREMARKETINGC0MPETITIVENESS。ANDCUST0MERVAIUES．

簡介：合肥工業(yè)大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文合肥市商業(yè)健身俱樂部經(jīng)營管理與營銷研究姓名馬盈盈申請學(xué)位級別碩士專業(yè)管理科學(xué)與工程指導(dǎo)教師楊善林20090401MANAGEMENTANDMARKETINGOFCOMMERCIALFITNESSCLUBSINHEFEICITYABSTRACTWITHTHERAPIDECONOMICDEVELOPMENTANDTHE2008BEIJINGOLYMPICGAMESSUCCESSFULLYHELDINCHINA，NATIONALFITNESSHASNOWBECOMEONEOFTHEMOSTPOPULARWORDSANDASTRONGWAVEOFFITNESSISBEINGSETOFFIN2009，THERAPIDDEVELOPMENTOFTHEDOMESTICMARKETOFFITNESSCLUBS，HASGRADUALLYFORMEDACERTAINSCALEWITHBROADMARKETINGSPACEANDDEVELOPINGPROSPECTBUT，THEOPERATIONMODEANDMARKETINGSTRATEGYOFFITNESSCLUBSARESTILLINTHEEARLYSTAGESOFDEVELOPMENT，ITSECONOMICFUNCTIONOFPHYSICALCULTUREISSTILLFARFROMBEINGFULLYEXPLOREDTHEOPERATIONOFCOMMERCIALFITNESSCLUBSFACEDWITHASHORTAGEINACLEARANDCOMPREHENSIVEGUIDANCESYSTEMTHISARTICLEFIRSTINTRODUCEDTHECOMMERCIALHEALTHCLUBWITHAVIEWTOCOMMERCIALHEALTHCLUBSINFROMTHECURRENTBUSINESSPROJECTS，ORGANIZATION，STAFFMANAGEMENT，MEMBERMANAGEMENT，ANDCUSTOMERMANAGEMENTOFTHEHEFEICITYCOMMERCIALFITNESSASPECTSOFTHEOPERATIONANDMANAGEMENTMADETHEEXISTENCEOFTHECORRESPONDINGANALYSISNEXT，ITMAKESMARKETINGANALYSISOFTHEEXTERNALENVIRONMENT，ANDMARKETSEGMENTATION，TARGETMARKETS，MARKETINGSTRATEGIESCOMBINEDWITHMARKETINGMIXSTRATEGY5PELABORATEONTHEISSUEOFHEFEI，HEALTHCLUBMARKETINGANALYSIS，ACCORDINGTOTHECOLLECTIONOFALLRELEVANTMARKETINFORMATIONANDFITNESSHEALTHCLUBMARKETINHEFEI，THEFINDINGS，THESYSTEMSORTEDOUTTHECURRENTHEFEIHEALTHCLUBMANAGEMENTANDMARKETINGOFTHETHEORETICALSYSTEM，F(xiàn)ORTHEFIRSTTIMEOPENEDAHEALTHCLUBMARKETINHEFEICITYOFTHEORETICALSYSTEMTHISARTICLETAKESTHEEXISTENCEOFFITNESSMANAGEMENT，MEMBERSHIPMANAGEMENTCONSULTANCY，THEQUESTIONOFTHE10SSOFCUSTOMERS，”PRICEWAR”，THEISSUEOFMARKETINGSTRATEGY；ONLINEMARKETINGHASOPENEDTHEMARKETONEAFTERANOTHERANDSOONTOTHESECTIONASASEPARATEANDDETAILEDDISCUSSIONWITHACERTAINDEGREEOFDEPTHANDPRACTICALSIGNIFICANCEANDINACCORDANCEWITHTHESTATUSOFRESEARCHANDANALYSIS，SCIENCEHASMADETHEHEALTHCLUBNEXTHEFEIFORECASTTHEDEVELOPMENTTRENDANDFUTUREDEVELOPMENTPROPOSALSKEYWORDSHEFEI；FITNESS；FITNESSCLUBS；MANAGEMENT；MARKETING

簡介：分類號F71336密級論文編號2007020395貴州大學(xué)2010屆碩士研究生學(xué)位論文網(wǎng)絡(luò)經(jīng)營條件下的奢侈品關(guān)系營銷策略研究學(xué)科專業(yè)工商管理研究方向市場營銷導(dǎo)師張勇研究生劉慕飛中國﹒﹒﹒﹒貴州﹒﹒﹒﹒貴陽2010年5月網(wǎng)絡(luò)經(jīng)營條件下的奢侈品關(guān)系營銷策略研究II41客戶關(guān)系營銷策略尊貴化服務(wù)26411客戶市場細(xì)分26412網(wǎng)絡(luò)奢侈品企業(yè)實施客戶關(guān)系營銷需運用的策略31413了解客戶價值及真正的客戶導(dǎo)向34414運用CRM保持客戶3542供應(yīng)商關(guān)系營銷策略合作共贏40421建立互信關(guān)系40422選擇供應(yīng)商40423確定中間商41424強化與中間商的關(guān)系4243競爭者關(guān)系營銷策略43431競爭者之間的產(chǎn)品定價策略4444影響者關(guān)系營銷策略45441塑造誠信形象45442利用實體體驗店配合線上營銷活動4645利用網(wǎng)絡(luò)進行奢侈品關(guān)系營銷策略的有效性分析4746小結(jié)495結(jié)論50致謝51參考文獻52附錄55原創(chuàng)性聲明56

簡介：北京交通大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文基于直復(fù)營銷理論的商業(yè)地產(chǎn)信息網(wǎng)站經(jīng)營模式研究姓名鄒博申請學(xué)位級別碩士專業(yè)企業(yè)管理指導(dǎo)教師張明玉20090601J壁衷變適厶堂亟堂僮I金塞△旦墨B△￡ABSTRACTABSTRACTCHINESECORMNERCIALREALESTATELNVESTMENTSINOFFICEBUILDINGSIN1997ROSETO38，898，190，000YUANWHILEIN2007，IT’S103，504，090000YUAN，ALLINCREASEOF16609PERCENT；DEVELOPERCOMPLETEDTHECOMMERCIALSPACEBUSINESSFROMTHEINVESTMENTOF42，584，520，000YUANIN1997ROSETO27，856，494IN2007，INCREASEOF55415％HOWEVEROURABILITYTOSELLCOMMERCIALREALESTATEDOESNOTMATCHWITHTHEVOLUMEOFCHINESEGROWTHCHINESEREALESTATEDEVELOPMENTENTERPRISESTOTHEAREAOFVACANTOFFICEBUILDINGIN2001FROMTHE6378，866SQUAREMETERSTO6329，808SQUAREMETERSIN2007，VACANTLITTLECHANGED；ANDCOMMERCIALBUSINESSSPACEVACANCYRATESHOWEDANUPWARDTRENDEACHYEARVACANTPROPERTYDOESN’TONLYCONSUMEALARGEAMOUNTOFMANAGEMENTCOSTS，BUTALSOINCREASETHEOPPORTUNITYCOSTALARGENUMBEROFVACANTCOMMERCIALREALESTATEPROPERTYISNOTCONDUCIVETOCHINA’SEXPANDINGDOMESTICDEMANDANDSTIMULATINGCONSUMPTIONTHEPOPULARITYOFTHENETWORKMAKESTHEREALESTATEBUSINESSINTOTHEINFORMATIONAGEHOWEVERTHESINGLEOFSITEMODELSANDMARKETINGCONSTRAINTSCOMMERCIALREALESTATEWEBSITEDEVELOPMENTTHISPAPERCHOOSETHECHINESEMODELOFCOMMERCIALREALESTATEINFORMATIONWEBSITEASTHEOBJECTOFSTUDYCOMBINEDWITHTHESTATUSQUOOFCHINESECOMMERCIALREALESTATEINFORMATION，ASWELLASCOMMERCIALREALESTATEINFORMATIONWEBSITEMARKETTRENDAFTERTHEEXISTINGPATTERNOFCOMMERCIALREALESTATEWEBSITEANALYSISSTUDYCOMMERCIALREALESTATEWEBSITEBUSINESSMODELWILLBEMADE，THEDIRECTMARKETINGTHEORYWILLBEINTEGRATEDINTOTHECOMMERCIALREALESTATEWEBSITEMODEL，ANDTHESPECIFICWAYINWHICHTHETHEORYOFDIRECTMARKETINGINTHECOMMERCIALREALESTATEWEBSITEBUSINESSBLOGANDTHEWAYOFEVIDENCETOPROVETHEAPPLICATIONOFDIRECTMARKETINGTHEORYCOMMERCIALREALESTATEINFORMATIONONTHEVALUEOFTHESITE，THEUSEOFDIRECTMARKETINGTHEORYIMPROVETHESYSTEM，WHILETHEFUTUREOFCHINESECOMMERCIALREALESTATEWEBSITEOPERATORSTODEVELOPRECOMMENDATIONSACCORDINGTOMYINVESTIGATIONS0FARTHEREAREMANYTHEORIESONTHEBUSINESSMODELRELEVANTTOTHESITE，BUTTHEREISNOTLITERATUREANDRESEARCHTHEORYRELATEDTOCHINESECOMMERCIALREALESTATEWEBSITEANDTHEORYOFDIRECTMARKETINGISATTHESTAGEOFPRACTICALAPPLICATION，NOONEPROPOSEACOMPLETETHEORETICALSYSTEMSTUDYONCHINESECOMMERCIALREALESTATEWEBSITEWILLBETHEBUSINESSMODELFORCHINESECOMMERCIALREALESTATEWEBSITEOFREFERENCEFORTHEDEVELOPMENTATTHESAMETIME，DIRECTMARKETING

簡介：中國分類號UDC學(xué)校代碼10055密級公開高{遺犬淫碩士學(xué)位論文國際企業(yè)營銷動態(tài)能力構(gòu)成維度分析與評價模型建立以我國家電企業(yè)國際化經(jīng)營為例ANALYSISOFDIMENSIONSOFMARKETINGDYNAMICCAPABILITYININTERNATIONALENTERPRISESALONGWITHESTABLISHMENTOFITSEVALUATIONMODEL?BASEDONTHECASEOFTHEINTERNATIONALMANAGEMENTOFCHINESEHOMEAPPLIANCECOMPANIES論文作者王窒蟹申請學(xué)位笪理堂亟±南開大學(xué)研究生院二。一一年六月南開大學(xué)學(xué)位論文使用授權(quán)書根據(jù)南開火學(xué)關(guān)于研究生學(xué)位論文收藏和利用管理辦法，我校的博士、碩士學(xué)位獲得者均須向南開大學(xué)提交本人的學(xué)位論文紙質(zhì)本及相應(yīng)電子版。本人完全了解南開大學(xué)有關(guān)研究生學(xué)位論文收藏和利用的管理規(guī)定。南開大學(xué)擁有在著作權(quán)法規(guī)定范圍內(nèi)的學(xué)位論文使用權(quán)，即1學(xué)位獲得者必須按規(guī)定提交學(xué)位論文包括紙質(zhì)印刷本及電子版，學(xué)?？梢圆捎糜坝　⒖s印或其他復(fù)制手段保存研究生學(xué)位論文，并編入南開大學(xué)博碩士學(xué)位論文全文數(shù)據(jù)庫2為教學(xué)和科研目的，學(xué)?？梢詫⒐_的學(xué)位論文作為資料在圖書館等場所提供校內(nèi)師生閱讀，在校園網(wǎng)上提供論文目錄檢索、文摘以及論文全文瀏覽、下載等免費信息服務(wù)；3根據(jù)教育部有關(guān)規(guī)定，南開大學(xué)向教育部指定單位提交公開的學(xué)位論文；4學(xué)位論文作者授權(quán)學(xué)校向中國科技信息研究所和中國學(xué)術(shù)期刊光盤電子出版社提交規(guī)定范圍的學(xué)位論文及其電子版并收入相應(yīng)學(xué)位論文數(shù)據(jù)庫，通過其相關(guān)網(wǎng)站對外進行信息服務(wù)。同時本人保留在其他媒體發(fā)表論文的權(quán)利。非公開學(xué)位論文，保密期限內(nèi)不向外提交和提供服務(wù)，解密后提交和服務(wù)同公開論文。論文電子版提交至校圖書館網(wǎng)站HTTP／／202．113．20．1618001／INDEX．HTRN。本人承諾本人的學(xué)位論文是在南開大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)期間創(chuàng)作完成的作品，并己通過論文答辯；提交的學(xué)位論文電子版與紙質(zhì)本論文的內(nèi)容一致，如因不同造成不良后果由本人自負(fù)。本人同意遵守上述規(guī)定。本授權(quán)書簽署一式兩份，由研究生院和圖書館留存。作者暨授權(quán)人簽字王蜜置2011年06月05日南開大學(xué)研究生學(xué)位論文作者信息國際企業(yè)營銷動態(tài)能力構(gòu)成維度分析與評價模型建立以我國家電企業(yè)國際化經(jīng)論文題目營為例姓名王睿智學(xué)號2120092349答辯日期2011年05月16日論文類別博士口學(xué)歷碩士團碩士專業(yè)學(xué)位口高校教師口同等學(xué)力碩士口院／系／所商學(xué)院專業(yè)企業(yè)管理聯(lián)系電話13602070383EMAILTUMUZHI163．CORN通信地址郵編南開大學(xué)300071備注是否批準(zhǔn)為非公開論文否注本授權(quán)書適用我校授予的所有博士、碩士的學(xué)位論文。由作者填寫一式兩份簽字后交校圖書館，非公開學(xué)位論文須附南開大學(xué)研究生申請非公開學(xué)位論文審批表。

簡介：EMBA學(xué)位論文作者王淑燕新競爭形勢下嘉峪關(guān)移動公司全業(yè)務(wù)運營營銷策略研究中文摘要伴隨著社會經(jīng)濟的飛速發(fā)展，移動通信技術(shù)與時俱進，扮演著重要的IT角色。2008年，國家進行了電信體制改革，通過合并重組等方式，形成了三家通信運營商競爭發(fā)展的格局，2011年，國家十二五規(guī)劃發(fā)展綱要頒布，三家通信運營商都開始了面向全業(yè)務(wù)經(jīng)營的轉(zhuǎn)型和創(chuàng)新發(fā)展之路。但是由于政府對各運營商發(fā)放經(jīng)營牌照經(jīng)營范圍的不同，中國移動與中國聯(lián)通、中國電信在全業(yè)務(wù)發(fā)展上差距較遠(yuǎn)，如何在當(dāng)前新形勢下充分發(fā)揮中國移動移動信息專家優(yōu)勢來進行全業(yè)務(wù)營銷，對轉(zhuǎn)型發(fā)展至關(guān)重要。本文以營銷管理理論為基礎(chǔ)，在對嘉峪關(guān)市移動公司面臨的內(nèi)外部環(huán)境，特別新競爭環(huán)境做全面分析的同時，制定了嘉峪關(guān)移動公司目標(biāo)市場營銷戰(zhàn)略，進而從產(chǎn)品、價格、渠道、促銷4個方面提出了系統(tǒng)的營銷策略，并從組織保障和過程控制角度論述了營銷策略的執(zhí)行與控制問題，以期對嘉峪關(guān)公司在新競爭態(tài)勢的全業(yè)務(wù)運營提供指導(dǎo)，也為國內(nèi)同行業(yè)的其他公司提供借鑒。關(guān)鍵詞新競爭態(tài)勢；全業(yè)務(wù)；營銷策略EMBA學(xué)位論文作者王淑燕新競爭形勢下嘉峪關(guān)移動公司全業(yè)務(wù)運營營銷策略研究目錄一、緒論1一研究背景和意義1二市場營銷相關(guān)理論3三研究內(nèi)容和思路5二、嘉峪關(guān)移動的全業(yè)務(wù)運營的營銷環(huán)境分析8一外部環(huán)境分析8二內(nèi)部環(huán)境分析12三嘉峪關(guān)移動全業(yè)務(wù)營銷現(xiàn)狀及存在的問題17三、嘉峪關(guān)移動全業(yè)務(wù)競爭優(yōu)劣勢分析20一嘉峪關(guān)移動面臨的新競爭態(tài)勢五力模型分析20二新競爭態(tài)勢下的SWOT分析21四、嘉峪關(guān)移動公司全業(yè)務(wù)運營的營銷戰(zhàn)略25一移動通訊市場細(xì)分25二嘉峪關(guān)移動公司的目標(biāo)市場選擇與市場定位25三營銷戰(zhàn)略選擇27五、嘉峪關(guān)移動全業(yè)務(wù)運營的營銷策略組合30一產(chǎn)品策略30二價格策略31三渠道策略32四促銷策略32六、嘉峪關(guān)移動全業(yè)務(wù)運營營銷策略的實施與控制35一營銷策略實施方案35二營銷策略實施的組織保障37三營銷過程控制37七、結(jié)束語38參考文獻39致謝40

簡介：首都經(jīng)濟貿(mào)易大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文我國花卉企業(yè)跨國經(jīng)營中的營銷管理姓名李鋼申請學(xué)位級別碩士專業(yè)商業(yè)經(jīng)濟指導(dǎo)教師劉興銀姚今觀19980301我國花卉企業(yè)跨國經(jīng)營中的營銷管理當(dāng)代世界經(jīng)濟的高度發(fā)展導(dǎo)致生產(chǎn)技術(shù)和資本經(jīng)營超出了國界，在世界范圍內(nèi)呈現(xiàn)出日益一體化的趁勢。這XX中體現(xiàn)在企業(yè)跨國經(jīng)營的發(fā)展無論是在深度上還是廣度上，都達到了史無前例的水平。在我國，隨著經(jīng)濟對外開放程度的不斷加深，大批國內(nèi)企業(yè)開始走向國際市場。其中，花卉企業(yè)跨國經(jīng)營約迅速發(fā)展顯得格外引人注目。但由于起步晚、起點低，我國花卉企業(yè)君在跨國經(jīng)營過程中暴露出許多問題匆矛盾，突出表現(xiàn)為花卉企業(yè)營銷管理水平的提高嚴(yán)重滯后于跨國經(jīng)營發(fā)展的需要。我認(rèn)為，解決這一問題的根本途徑在于構(gòu)建適應(yīng)我國花卉企業(yè)跨國經(jīng)營發(fā)展需要的新型營銷管理體系。本文擬就此作些粗淺約探討。為使所研究的內(nèi)容具有廣泛性，本文中的“花卉企業(yè)”系指生產(chǎn)性花卉企業(yè)。一、總論臼、企業(yè)跨國經(jīng)營發(fā)展的五個階段所謂跨國經(jīng)營，是指企業(yè)為適應(yīng)社會經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的需要，跨國界謀求企業(yè)內(nèi)部狀況與外部經(jīng)濟環(huán)境均衡的一種經(jīng)濟活動。其涵括的內(nèi)容，不僅包括通常意義上的有形商品和無形商品交換，而且包括跨國界的人員和資金轉(zhuǎn)移。企業(yè)跨國經(jīng)營的目的也各不相IP，本義約研究僅局限于以擴大產(chǎn)品銷售市場為目的的跨國經(jīng)營。跨國經(jīng)營并不是一種新出現(xiàn)的經(jīng)濟現(xiàn)象，追本溯源，其歷史幾乎與國家一樣悠久。自從世界上出現(xiàn)了國與國的劃分，同時就產(chǎn)生了商品的跨國界轉(zhuǎn)