1、<p><b>　　附 錄</b></p><p>　　附錄A 外文資料翻譯</p><p>　　Study on the testing system of the auto AC chassis</p><p>　　Dynamometer</p><p>　　With the incessant pr

2、ogress of the science and technology, the automobileindustry of developes rapidly. The structure of automobile becomes perfect and the performance gets enhanced. On the one hand, the higher demand of automobile performan

3、ce accelerates the coalescent between traditional automobile technique and modern electron technology,and the automobile technical indexes have been enhanced greatly.On the other hand it accelerates the development of in

4、tegrated automobile detection technique</p><p>　　There are two methods for automobile performance test. One is the outdoor road test, the other one is the indoor frame test. The weather,condition of the road

5、 and the driving skills have great influence on the road test. However these factors have little influence on the results of indoor frame test. So the indoor frame test gets popular in the automobile test. Automobile cha

6、ssis dynamometer plays an important role in the automobile detection and diagnosis. Dynamic performance test can been done</p><p>　　Thus this thesis puts forward a new method with the help of an AC electric

7、dynamometer.The principle of AC electric dynamometer is similar as the asynchronous electromotor.With the rapid development of frequency converter,the AC electric dynamometer becomes more popular and easy to be controlle

8、d.The paper includes these main points as follows.</p><p>　　1. Simply introduce the principle and structure of the automobile chassis dynamometer.Adopts the anti-swing device for the driving wheel, and solve

9、s the swing of front-wheel drive cars. In order to recur the road resistance of the automobile,analyse the resistances of the car driving on the road and on the chassis dynamometer,draw a resistance equation separately a

10、bout the car.Then make contrast of the two equations,find their difference and put forward the electric simulation model.It provides </p><p><b>　　+ mg·sin+</b></p><p>　　The mode

11、l displays as follows.</p><p>　　2. Give the general technical demands.Analyse the principle of AC electric dynamometer.It has three running conditions according the difference of the slip.They are regenerati

12、on condition,electric drive condition and electromagnetic brake condition.For this reason the AC electric dynamometer is proper to be used in chassis dynamometer and can satisfy the demand.Use the advanced AC variable fr

13、equency technique to control the dynamometer.This system adopts the direct torque control of frequency co</p><p>　　3. After choosing the proper sensors for the system, design the part of data collection and

14、analysis,and analyse the amplification of analog signals in detail.In order to do the electric simulation the speed and acceleration are necessary.The system uses an improved method to measure the speed, and uses least s

15、quare method to get the acceleration.It has excellent precision at low speed and high speed.Analyse the interferential factors,and adopt proper measures to restrain the disturb and assure </p><p>　　4. The te

16、sting system is based on Windows XP and program with VC++6.0. The testing system can operate alone and can operate online. The software of the system adopts blocking design according to the system design demand.That is t

17、o say,if any one logic part of the software was changed,it wouldn’t affect other parts.And any module can be transferred by other modules.The testing interface is friendly.Take the acceleration test and sliding performan

18、ce test for example, introduce their testing proces</p><p>　　5. Analyse the reason of the error, demarcate the speed sensor and force sensor to see the quality of the linearity of the sensors.The results sho

19、w the two sensors have good linearity and satisfy GB/T18276-2000 ‘Test method and evaluation index for the automobile dynamic frame benches’.Use a truck do the acceleration test from 30km/h to 90km/h on the road and on t

20、he chassis dynamometer separately,then make contrast of the results and show that the electric simulation model is correct basically.</p><p>　　The automobile chassis dynamometer itself is very complicated.Th

21、e thesis can’t describe every aspect in detail.And it is hard to avoid some mistakes and disadvantages.The testing system needs to been further researched and improved,and needs doing more experiments to validate its fea

22、sibility</p><p>　　汽車(chē)交流底盤(pán)測(cè)功機(jī)測(cè)試系統(tǒng)研究</p><p>　　隨著科學(xué)技術(shù)的不斷進(jìn)步，汽車(chē)工業(yè)得到了迅猛的發(fā)展。汽車(chē)結(jié)構(gòu)不斷完善，汽車(chē)性能不斷提高。人們對(duì)汽車(chē)性能要求的不斷提高，一方面促進(jìn)了傳統(tǒng)的汽車(chē)技術(shù)與現(xiàn)代電子技術(shù)的結(jié)合，使汽車(chē)的經(jīng)濟(jì)技術(shù)指標(biāo)在最近幾十年有了大幅度的提高；另一方面，它促進(jìn)汽車(chē)綜合性能現(xiàn)代檢測(cè)技術(shù)的發(fā)展和廣泛應(yīng)用，大大提高了汽車(chē)新產(chǎn)品的開(kāi)發(fā)速度

23、和出廠產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量的控制能力。</p><p>　　汽車(chē)性能測(cè)試分為室外道路試驗(yàn)測(cè)試和室內(nèi)臺(tái)架測(cè)試，由于道路試驗(yàn)受氣候、道路條件狀況及駕駛技術(shù)等因素的影響比較大，汽車(chē)檢測(cè)以室內(nèi)臺(tái)架測(cè)試為主。汽車(chē)底盤(pán)測(cè)功機(jī)是一項(xiàng)重要的汽車(chē)檢測(cè)設(shè)備，在汽車(chē)檢測(cè)行業(yè)扮演著十分重要的角色。利用底盤(pán)測(cè)功機(jī)，我們不僅可以對(duì)汽車(chē)進(jìn)行動(dòng)力性能檢測(cè)，在配備油耗儀和尾氣分析儀的基礎(chǔ)上，我們還可以在不同工況下對(duì)汽車(chē)的燃油經(jīng)濟(jì)性和尾氣排放進(jìn)行測(cè)試分析。目前

24、的底盤(pán)測(cè)功機(jī)主要以電渦流測(cè)功機(jī)和水力測(cè)功機(jī)為主，通常配備一些慣性飛輪來(lái)對(duì)汽車(chē)的慣性阻力進(jìn)行相應(yīng)模擬。通過(guò)控制電磁離合器的吸合與斷開(kāi)來(lái)控制不同飛輪的組合，以實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)不同質(zhì)量汽車(chē)運(yùn)動(dòng)慣量的模擬。但有限數(shù)量的飛輪，不能實(shí)現(xiàn)汽車(chē)慣量的無(wú)級(jí)模擬，不能滿足當(dāng)前各種類(lèi)型汽車(chē)的檢測(cè)需求，而且模擬精度有待提高。</p><p>　　由此本文提出了采用交流測(cè)功機(jī)模擬汽車(chē)行駛阻力。這樣不僅省去了繁瑣的慣性飛輪，簡(jiǎn)化了機(jī)械結(jié)構(gòu)，而且可實(shí)現(xiàn)

25、慣量的無(wú)級(jí)模擬。本文從總體上進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)與分析，主要包括以下幾點(diǎn)。</p><p>　　1．對(duì)汽車(chē)底盤(pán)測(cè)功機(jī)的原理和結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)單介紹，采用課題組自行開(kāi)發(fā)的汽車(chē)車(chē)輪防偏擺機(jī)構(gòu)，有效解決了前輪驅(qū)動(dòng)型汽車(chē)在測(cè)功機(jī)上運(yùn)行時(shí)的橫擺問(wèn)題，并保證了測(cè)試時(shí)的安全性。為了在底盤(pán)測(cè)功機(jī)上真實(shí)再現(xiàn)汽車(chē)道路行駛工況，需要真實(shí)反映汽車(chē)的道路行駛阻力。文章分別對(duì)汽車(chē)在道路上和底盤(pán)測(cè)功機(jī)上的運(yùn)行狀況進(jìn)行了力學(xué)分析，建立了交流測(cè)功機(jī)電模擬的數(shù)學(xué)

26、模型。</p><p><b>　　+ mg·sin+</b></p><p>　　該數(shù)學(xué)模型為進(jìn)一步交流測(cè)功機(jī)的電模擬提供了理論依據(jù)。</p><p>　　2．對(duì)系統(tǒng)提出總體技術(shù)要求，分析交流測(cè)功機(jī)的工作原理，在轉(zhuǎn)差率不同的情況下，交流測(cè)功機(jī)分別運(yùn)行于發(fā)電測(cè)功狀態(tài)，拖動(dòng)狀態(tài)以及電磁制動(dòng)狀態(tài)。由于交流測(cè)功機(jī)既可以運(yùn)行于發(fā)電測(cè)功狀態(tài)，又

27、可以運(yùn)行于拖動(dòng)狀態(tài)，適合用于底盤(pán)測(cè)功機(jī)中。利用目前先進(jìn)的變頻調(diào)速技術(shù)來(lái)控制測(cè)功機(jī)。系統(tǒng)采用變頻器中的直接轉(zhuǎn)矩控制技術(shù)，通過(guò)計(jì)算機(jī)控制變頻器可實(shí)現(xiàn)底盤(pán)測(cè)功機(jī)的恒轉(zhuǎn)速控制、恒轉(zhuǎn)矩控制及道路模擬方式控制。</p><p>　　3．對(duì)系統(tǒng)采用的傳感器做出合理選型之后，進(jìn)而對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)的采集和處理進(jìn)行了分析，并就如何對(duì)模擬信號(hào)進(jìn)行放大做了具體分析。采用合理的數(shù)據(jù)采集卡將數(shù)據(jù)輸入計(jì)算機(jī)。由于電模擬需要測(cè)得速度和加速度，針對(duì)本文選用

28、的光電編碼器，本文采用了一種新的測(cè)試速度和加速度的方法，測(cè)試精度有所提高。分析系統(tǒng)干擾產(chǎn)生的機(jī)理，并就干擾問(wèn)題采取了相應(yīng)的措施進(jìn)行抑制。</p><p>　　4．本測(cè)試系統(tǒng)以 Windows XP 為平臺(tái)，采用 VC++6.0 進(jìn)行編程。系統(tǒng)既可以單機(jī)運(yùn)行，也能適應(yīng)檢測(cè)線聯(lián)網(wǎng)檢測(cè)的要求。系統(tǒng)的軟件部分根據(jù)系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)要求，程序采用模塊化，即程序中某一程序段內(nèi)的任何邏輯部分都可以任意更改而不影響程序的其它部分，每一模

29、塊程序都可以作為一個(gè)子程序供其它程序調(diào)用。測(cè)試系統(tǒng)界面友好，以加速性能測(cè)試和滑行性能測(cè)試為例進(jìn)行了介紹，并給出整個(gè)測(cè)試系統(tǒng)的軟件流程圖。</p><p>　　5．對(duì)誤差的產(chǎn)生做簡(jiǎn)單介紹之后，對(duì)系統(tǒng)中的速度傳感器和拉壓力傳感器進(jìn)行了相關(guān)標(biāo)定工作。通過(guò)標(biāo)定試驗(yàn)，表明傳感器線性度良好，測(cè)量精度滿足 GB/T 18276-2000《汽車(chē)動(dòng)力性臺(tái)架試驗(yàn)方法和評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)》中對(duì)底盤(pán)測(cè)功機(jī)測(cè)試精度的要求。以汽車(chē)在道路上和底盤(pán)測(cè)功機(jī)