公允價(jià)值會(huì)計(jì)方面的最新發(fā)展【外文翻譯】_第1頁(yè)
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1、外文翻譯原文：RecentDevelopmentsinFairValueAccountingSFAS157FairValueMeasurementswhichbecameeffectiveinJanuary2008definesfairvalueprovidescomprehensiveimplementationguidancefapplyingittoassetsliabilitiesfmeasurementunderGAAP.Si

2、ncethenthemeltdownoffinancialmarketsadeepeningrecessionhaveledtoareappraisaloffairvalueaccounting.Criticsarguethatthefairvalueaccountingcommonlycalledmarktomarketaccountinghasexacerbatedthecrisisbyrequiringsignificantwri

3、tedownofassetsresultinginsharpdecreasesinregulatycapitalofbanksotherfinancialinstitutions(seeWilliamIsaac“HowtoSavetheFinancialSystem”WallStreetJournalSeptember192008JohnBerlau“MaybetheBanksAreJustCountingWrong”WallStree

4、tJournalSeptember202008GaryGton“ThePanicof2007”YaleICFWkingPaperNo.0824abstract=1255362).ThecrisisledtoswiftunprecedentedactionsfromtheTreasuryDepartmenttheFederalReserveCongressincludingthe$700billionTroubledAssetsRelie

5、fProgram(TARP)tohelpfinancialinstitutions.InOctober2008CongresspassedtheEmergencyEconomicStabilizationActauthizingtheSECtosuspendSFAS157fsomeissuerscertaintransactionsindertoprotectinveststhepublicinterest.Theactalsodire

6、ctedtheSECtostudythestard’simpactonfinancialinstitutions’balancesheetsonbankfailuresaswellastosuggestalternativeaccountingstards.FASBsoonissuedthreeStaffPositions(FSP)—FSPFAS1574“DeterminingFairValueWhentheVolumeLevelofA

7、ctivityftheAssetLiabilityHaveSignificantlyDecreasedIdentifyingTransactionsThatAreNotderly”FSPFAS1071APB281“InterimDisclosuresAboutFairValueofFinancialInstruments”FSPFAS11521242“RecognitionPresentationofOtherThanTemparyIm

8、pairments”—aspartofitsresponsetotheconcernsrelatedtomeasurementrecognitionoffairvalueininactivemarkets.Theauthsdiscussmeasurementnotanentityspecificmeasurement.Pricesshouldbeadjustedfdisderlytransactions.Significantadjus

9、tmentsalsomaybeneededtomakethemmecomparabletothemeasuredassetfoldtransactions.WhilenotindicatingpreciselyhowwhatadjustmentstomaketotransactionpricesbefeusingthemtodeterminefairvalueFSPFAS1574providessometipsfdoingso:■Cha

10、ngethevaluationtechniqueusemultiplevaluationtechniques(e.g.marketapproachespresentvaluetechniques)toyieldarangeoffairvalueestimates.thepointwithinthatrangethatismostrepresentativeoffairvalueundercurrentmarketconditionsas

11、thefairvalueestimate.Iftherangeiswideusefurtheranalysistonarrowitdown.■Ifusingbrokervaluationquotesplacelessweightonquotesnotreflectingtransactionresults.Wherebothanindicativepricebindingoffercanbeobtainedgivemeweighttot

12、hebindingoffer.DisclosuresFSPFAS1574strengthensexpsthedisclosurerequirements.Companiesshoulddisclosetheinputsvaluationtechniquesusedtomeasurefairvaluediscussanychangesinvaluationtechniquesrelatedinputsinbothinterimannual

13、repts.SFAS157requireddisclosureofvaluationtechniquesonlyfannualrepts.SFAS157requireddisclosuresbymajcategyofsecuritiesbutdidnotspecifythemFSPFAS1574insteadrelatesthemajcategiestotheclassificationfoundinparagraph19ofSFAS1

14、15AccountingfCertainInvestmentsinDebtEquitySecurities.Majcategiesofsecuritiesshouldbebasedonthesecurity’snaturerisksinlightoffactssuchasbusinesssectgeographicconcentrationcreditqualityothereconomicsecurityacteristics.FSP

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