1、,Body Language,Unit 4,,,,牽 手 課 堂,Body Language in Different CountriesYou may occasionally hear the phrase “the world is getting smaller”.Indeed,the Internet,increased air travel and trade links between countries can al

2、l be cited as contributory factors in this age of globalization.More than ever it has never been so important to learn and understand the difference in body language between cultures.,The way you meet and greet someone i

3、s perhaps one of the most diverse body language practices in the world.Where you come from will often determine the way that you greet a person.,In the western world,handshakes between men and women are of course the mos

4、t widespread form of greeting.In less formal circumstances,hugging and a kiss on the cheek are also commonly practised.This also tends to be the case now for many Middle Eastern,African and Asian countries,particularly i

5、n business situations.But certain social etiquette(禮節(jié)) will come into play—for instance in a strict Muslim culture,kissing a woman in public,especially if she is unmarried,would not be acceptable.A man would only shake

6、hands with a woman if she offered him her hand first.There is also more emphasis placed on using the correct hand in Muslim and Hindu society.The left hand is considered unclean,so practices such as handshaking and eati

7、ng are only ever performed with the right hand.,Section Ⅰ　Warming Up and Reading,,,,,欄目導(dǎo)航,,,,,,,,Ⅰ.Read the text and match the main idea with each paragraph.Paragraph 1:( ) A.Body lang

8、uage is not good or bad and it comes from its culture.Paragraph 2:( ) B.The French kissed people hello but men

9、 from Middle East just nodded at girls.Paragraph 3:( ) C.Four people greet each other in different

10、 ways.Paragraph 4:( ) D.We went to meet the international students at the airport.Paragraph 5:(

11、 ) E.People communicate with both spoken language and body language.,D,C,B,E,A,Ⅱ .Scan the text and choose the best answer acco

12、rding to the text.1. What is my job according to the passage?A.I’m one of the international students.B.I’m a school bus driver to meet some people at the airport.C.I’m a representative from a university student assoc

13、iation.D.I’m a teacher from Beijing University.答案：C,2.How do people use unspoken language?A.By the movements of their bodies.B.By eye contact.C.By keeping physical distance,actions or posture.D.By moving their hand

14、s.答案：C3.Why did Julia put up her hands in defence when greeted by Tony?A.Because Tony was very rude to Julia.B.Because Julia couldn’t accept the way he greeted her.C.Because Tony intended to take advantage of Julia.

15、D.Because Julia disliked people from Colombia.答案：B,4.From where do the men move very close to talk to other men but never touch women?A.France.B.Spain,Italy or South American countries.C.Japan.D.Middle East and oth

16、er Muslim countries.答案：D 5.Will Ahmed Aziz stand very close to Darlene Coulon when they are talking？Why?A.Yes,he will.Because he knows her well.B.No,he won’t.Because he doesn’t know her.C.Yes,he will.Because it is t

17、he custom of his country.D.No,he won’t.Because it is the custom of his country.答案：D,6.Which one is accepted around the world as body language to say hello?A.Bow. B.Kissing.C.Sha

18、king hands. D.Hug.答案：C,Ⅲ.Complete the following passage with the words in brackets in their proper forms or the words from the text.If you have a chance to observe several foreign visitors from d

19、ifferent countries 1.________ (get) together, you’ll surely experience some mistakes that will happen 2.________ them in body language due to the differences of their cultures. For example, when at the 3._____(one) meeti

20、ng, Columbians like to approach others, touch their 4._________ (shoulder), while British will keep a certain distance from others; 5.___________ (Canada) will shake hands, while Japanese will bow. From the above example

21、s, we know that all cultures don’t greet each other in 6.____ same way.,getting,among,first,shoulders,Canadians,the,In short, as well as 7._______ (speak) language, our body language can also express our 8.________(feel)

22、 through physical distance, actions or posture. But remember that 9.______ of the actions or posture is good or bad, and that they are only the ways of 10.________________(communicate) with people. Different cultures res

23、ult in different body language.,spoken,feelings,none,communicating,考點一　單詞點擊,represent vt.代表；象征；表現(xiàn)；描繪,,represent sb./sth.代表某人/象征某物represent sth.to sb.向……提出(常帶有不滿或者憤怒的情緒)represent oneself as/to be… 自稱是……represent…as… 把

24、……描繪成……,①We chose a committee to represent us.我們選出一個委員會來代表我們。②She represented herself to be a victim of the hotel and complained about its bad service.她自稱是這家旅館的受害者，并投訴旅館的服務(wù)差。③The cartoon represented the president as

25、a devil.這幅漫畫把總統(tǒng)畫成了魔鬼。,,representative (1)n.代理人；代表；典型人物；代表性人物(2)adj.有代表性的，典型的 be representative of sb./sth.有代表性的;是……典型特點,④The tiger is a common representative of the cat family. 虎是一種普通的貓科動物。⑤This case is represent

26、ative of the attitudes of the police. 這個事例典型地反映了警方的態(tài)度。,單句語法填空。(1)—Hasn’t the player taken Australian nationality？—But ________________________(represent) our country to compete in the World Cup since 1998.解析：句意：——這位選

27、手不是已取得了澳大利亞國籍嗎？——但自從1998年以來他一直代表我們的國家參加世界杯。(2)A _____________(represent) is a person whose job is to sell a company’s products or services, especially by travelling around and visiting other companies.,he has been repre

28、senting,representative,curious adj.好奇的,,be curious about… 對……好奇be curious to do sth.很想做某事，渴望做某事It is curious that…+(should)+動詞原形 ……真奇怪,①The duck felt curious when she saw her own reflection in the water.鴨子看到自己在水中的倒影，感

29、到很好奇。②The boy was curious about everything he saw.那男孩對所見的一切都感到好奇。③The reporter is curious to know whether the official is involved in the case.那個記者很想知道此案是否牽連到了那位官員。,,(1)curiously adv.好奇地，奇妙地(2) curiosity n.好奇心，求知欲

30、；珍奇的物品，古玩 out of curiosity出于好奇 satisfy one’s curiosity 滿足某人的好奇心,④Curiously enough, she seems to have known what we would do next.說來奇怪，她似乎已經(jīng)知道我們下一步做什么。⑤He opened the letter written to his sister out of

31、curiosity. 他出于好奇, 拆開了別人寫給他妹妹的信。⑥Just to satisfy my curiosity, how much did you pay for your car? 我只是出于好奇，請問你買這輛車花了多少錢？,,單句語法填空。(1)It is good to be curious _______ the world around you because I think curiosity is the

32、 best teacher.解析：句意：對你周圍的世界感到新奇是件好事，因為我認為好奇心是最好的老師。(2)He pulled an article from his inside coat pocket and passed it to Martin, who looked at the title and glanced up at him _________(curious). 解析：句意：他從一件短衫的內(nèi)面口袋里掏出了一篇

33、文章給了馬丁。馬丁看了看標題，好奇地瞥了他一眼。,about,curiously,,單句改錯。(3)What is curious that the computer becomes an almost necessary piece of equipment, even for the most determined person of simple lifestyle. 解析：句意：很奇怪，電腦竟然幾乎成了必需品，即便對那些決心

34、追求簡單生活方式的人來說也似乎如此。,It,Point 　approach(1)v.接近，靠近，走近;著手處理,開始對付；接洽，建議,approach sb.about sth.為某事同某人打交道approach sb.for information 向某人了解情況approach sb.with a suggestion 向某人建議,①The summer is approaching.夏季即將來臨。②When I app

35、roached, they grew silent.我一靠近，他們就沉默不語了。,③Have you approached the manager about taking a day off next week?你是否同經(jīng)理談過下周請一天假的事?④He approached the question as a scientist.他從科學(xué)家的角度來處理這一問題。,(2) n.(常用單數(shù))接近；(常與to連用)方法,途徑；道路；

36、接洽，建議,approach to sth.做……的方法，途徑at the approach of sb.= at one’s approach在某人快到的時候make approaches to sb.想親近某人，同某人打交道,⑤We heard the approach of the train.我們聽見火車開過來了。,⑥He decided to adopt a different approach and teach t

37、he Bible through story﹣telling.他決定采用一種不同的方法，用講故事的方式講授《圣經(jīng)》。⑦All the approaches to the palace were guarded by troops.通往宮殿的所有道路都有部隊把守。⑧His spirits rose at the approach of the holidays.隨著假日的臨近，他的精神振奮起來。,,比較網(wǎng)站,means/met

38、hod/approach/way意為“方法”時的區(qū)別：means指實現(xiàn)目的的任何手段，或使用某種交通工具的方式。常用搭配為by means of；method指有條理的，科學(xué)的，系統(tǒng)的辦法，method后常接of；approach指思考問題的方式、方法，常用approach to sth./doing sth.;way普通用詞, 常用way to do/of doing sth.。,單句語法填空。(1)With Colleg

39、e Entrance Examination _____________(approach), high school students around the country are making their last efforts to prepare for it.解析：句意：隨著高考的臨近，全國的高中生都在為之做最后的努力。(2)At the meeting they discussed three different __

40、_________(approach) to the study of mathematics.單句改錯。(3)The best approach to learn English is to expose yourself to an English environment.,approaching,approaches,learning,Point 　defence n.(=defense)防御；保衛(wèi),in defence

41、(of…)為了保衛(wèi)(……)in sb.’s/sth.’s defence為……辯護；在……的防備下defence against(……的)防御物/措施,①She stepped back appearing surprised and put up her hand, as if in defence.(教材P26)她后退了幾步，看上去有些吃驚，并舉起了手，好像是在自衛(wèi)。,②The prisoner sit mute, offer

42、ing nothing in his own defence.那個囚犯一聲不吭地坐著，沒說任何為自己辯護的話。③Tighter fiscal policy is Brazil’s best defence against short﹣term economic trouble.緊縮財政政策是巴西防御短期經(jīng)濟問題的最好辦法。,,(1)defend vt.保護；保衛(wèi)；為……辯護defend…against/from… 保衛(wèi)……以免受

43、……(2)defenceless adj. 無防御的；無保護的,④Confucius was asked by the Baron of Qi to help defend against a rebellion, but he declined.孔子被齊國的王公請去幫助平息叛亂，但是他拒絕了。,單句語法填空。(1)__________(defend) themselves against enemies, they built

44、a strong wall.(2)The judge accused Taitz of trying to reduce the military in a way that would leave this country ___________(defence).解析：句意：法官指控泰特茨試圖減少軍隊，而這種方式將使這個國家失去防衛(wèi)能力。,To defend,defenceless,單句改錯。(3)It is dangerou

45、s to wave a knife at defence when facing a bandit, because you may run the risk of having it used against you.解析：句意：遇到強盜時揮刀自衛(wèi)是很危險的，因為強盜可能奪走你的刀，反用它來傷害你。,in,Point 5　likely(1)adj.可能的；似乎合適的；有希望的,sb./sth.be(not)likely t

46、o do sth.某人/某物(沒)有可能……It is likely that… ……有可能……,①With the housing prices rising, I’m not likely to afford even a small apartment.房價上漲，我買套小公寓都不可能。②Our firm is likely to reap a big profit this year.今年我們公司很可能獲得巨額利潤。③

47、It is likely that we will misunderstand foreign people without learning about their cultures.不了解他們的文化，我們很有可能會誤解外國人。,(2)adv.(很)可能(前面常有more,quite或very等修飾)④We will most likely be late.我們很有可能會遲到。⑤I’d very likely have don

48、e the same thing in your situation.在你這種情況下我很可能做出同樣的事。⑥Not likely!(口)不見得/不大可能。,,比較網(wǎng)站,likely/possible/probable這三個詞都表示“可能”。三個單詞的相關(guān)句型：It is likely/possible/probable that…Sb./Sth.be likely to do sth.It is possible for s

49、b.to do sth.【注意】這三個詞都可用于“it+系動詞+…+that 從句”句式。,possible和 likely 后面可以接不定式的一般式。只有be likely 前面的主語可以是人，而 possible和probable 不能。只有 possible 后面可以接 for sb.to do sth.,而 likely 和 probable 不能。例如：⑦Will it be possible for someone to

50、 meet me at the gate about 9：30 a.m.?有人有可能上午九點半左右在大門口接我嗎？,另外，possible 可和表示條件的連詞 if 連用，構(gòu)成 if possible(= if it is possible to do sth.)。possible 還可構(gòu)成 as…as possible,意為“盡可能……”。,單句語法填空。(1)If you finish your work in such a h

51、urry, you are more likely __________(make) mistakes. 解析：句意：如果你匆匆完成你的工作，你就更可能出錯了。單句改錯。(2)During the three days’ heavy rain, it was the rice rather than the cattle that were likely to be drowned to ruins. 解析：句意：在這三天的大雨

52、中，很可能被淹沒廢棄的是那些稻谷，而不是這些牛。,to make,was,考點二　短語詮釋,,look around 環(huán)視,東張西望；到處尋找,①After half an hour of waiting for their flight to arrive, I saw several young people enter the waiting area looking around curiously.(教材P26)在等航班到來

53、的半個小時之后，我看見幾個年輕人走進了等候區(qū)，好奇地向四周張望。②I just want to look around and see if I can get any gifts to take home.我只是想隨便看看，看能不能買到什么禮品帶回家去。③Jason is going to start looking around for a new job.詹森打算開始四處去找新工作了。,look ahead 向前看，著眼未

54、來look back on/to 往回看，回顧look down on/upon 輕視，瞧不起look forward to sth.盼望look into 調(diào)查look over 檢查；細看；把……過目look up to 仰望，尊敬,④I look down on/upon those who eat the bread of idleness.我看不起那些吃閑飯的人。⑤The police are looking

55、into the pearl robbery.警方正在調(diào)查這起珠寶搶劫案。⑥Would you mind looking over my article?您看一看我的文章好嗎?,單句語法填空。(1)__________(look) around the mountains of goods, she realized almost all of them came from China. 解析：句意：當她看到周圍一大堆的產(chǎn)品時

56、，她意識到其中大部分都來自中國。單句改錯。(2)Take a moment every day to look over you and feel the colors, enjoy the colors. Live your life in full colors. 解析：句意：每一天花一點時間好好看看周圍的世界，感受生活的色彩，享受這些色彩的美，過一個色彩斑斕的人生。,Looking,around,in general 總的

57、來說；通常,①In general, people don’t like to be made fun of.總的來說，人們都不喜歡被捉弄。②These policies are unpopular with politicians and people in general.這些政策通常不受政治家和人民的歡迎。,(1)general adj.普遍的；總的，整體的(2) generally adv.通常地；普遍地

58、 generally speaking 一般說來 It is generally believed that… 普遍相信……,,③We kept the conversation/discussion fairly general. 我們談話/討論的內(nèi)容一直相當廣泛。④It is generally accepted that smoking is harmful to our health. 吸煙有害健康

59、，這是大家公認的。,單句語法填空。(1)Some of these food additives are not foods at all, but are chemicals that are __________(general) recognized as safe.解析：句意：這些食品添加劑有些根本就不是食物，只是一些被普遍認為是安全的化學(xué)物質(zhì)。副詞修飾動詞recognize。單句改錯。(2)As you know, o

60、n general, what you give others tends to get back from the world around you.解析：句意：你知道，通常情況下，你給予他人的，也往往可以從你周邊的人那里得到。,generally,in,考點三　句型歸納,Most people around the world now greet each other by shaking hands,but some cultu

61、res use other greetings as well, such as the Japanese,who prefer to bow.(教材P26)全球大多數(shù)的人現(xiàn)在都握手致意，但是有的文化背景下的人也有其他的問候方式，像日本人，他們更喜歡鞠躬。點撥：as well與as well as只有一詞之差，但意義和用法卻相差甚遠。,as well(as) 的用法,(1)as well常用作狀語，“又；也”，相當于too或also

62、，常位于句末，無須用逗號與句子分開。在與may/might/could搭配時，“也好，也行”或“倒不如”，用來緩和語氣。just as well 在口語中用作應(yīng)答語(可視為it’s just as well…的省略)，“幸虧，幸而；無妨；沒關(guān)系”。①I am going to London and my sister is going as well(＝going,too).我要到倫敦去，我妹妹也要去。②I not only pl

63、ay the guitar,I sing as well(＝I also sing).我不但彈吉他，而且還演唱。,③You may as well go.你去也好。④The weather was so bad that we might(just)as well have stayed at home.天氣太壞了，早知道如此，倒不如待在家里為好。⑤—We were too late to see the film.——我們

64、去得太晚了，沒有趕上看電影?！狫ust as well.I hear it isn’t very good.——不必遺憾，我聽說電影也不怎么樣。,(2)as well as常用來連接兩個并列的成分，“也，還”。它強調(diào)的是前一項，后一項只是順便提及。因此連接并列主語時，謂語動詞與前一項一致；而用not only…but also…連接時，謂語動詞與后一項一致。as well as 用來表示同級比較，指“一樣好”。⑥Your wife

65、 as well as you is friendly to me.不僅你而且你的妻子也對我很友好。,⑦Electric energy can be changed into light energy as well as into sound energy.電能既可以被轉(zhuǎn)變成聲能，又可以被轉(zhuǎn)變成光能。⑧You look as well as you did ten years ago.你的身體看起來還和十年前一樣好。⑨He

66、plays the guitar as well as you.他的吉他彈得和你一樣好。,單句改錯。(1)If someone is associated with others who are successful, in the absence of any other information, we assume they are successful as good. 解析：句意：如果某人與一些成功人士交往，并在其他信息不

67、具備的情況下，我們就會認為他也是成功人士。as well是固定短語，意為“也”。(2)At the conference one distinguished leader from the business sector as well as Human Resources professionals were invited to share their insights and experience on talent manag

68、ement.解析：句意：這次論壇獲一位商界領(lǐng)袖及人力資源管理專家的支持參與，他們將分享及交流管理策略與心得。 as well as連接的并列主語時，其后的謂語動詞與其前的主語保持一致。,well,was,（1）not all 表達部分否定（2）neither/nor 引導(dǎo)倒裝句,Not all cultures greet each other the same way,nor are they comfortable in the

69、 same way with touching or distance between people.(教材P26)各種文化背景下的人互致問候的方式不盡相同，身體接觸和相互間距的程度也不盡相同。點撥1：not all…(或all not…)為部分否定，表示“并非都，不是所有的都”。類似的還有not both,not every,not each,not always,not altogether,not entirely,not c