1、英語語法英語語法名詞名詞（一）（一）可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞1什么是不可數(shù)名詞？1）物質(zhì)名詞glasstea2）抽象名詞beautyyouth3)科學(xué)名稱physicsmaths練習(xí)：找出不可數(shù)名詞boottearknowledgemoneywoodchickenmusichomewkbreadblooddressnewsmilkdustman2不可數(shù)名詞變成可數(shù)名詞1）詞義發(fā)生改變time—timeswkwkswood

2、—woodss—sscloth—clothesglass—glasses2)加量詞aglassofwatertwopiecesofpaper練習(xí)；填入恰當(dāng)?shù)牧吭~a________________ofgoodnews(條)a________________oftrousers(條)a________________ofadvice(條)a________________ofcoffee(杯)a________________ofoil(滴

3、)a________________oftime(段)a________________ofmatches(盒)a________________ofglasses(副)a________________ofchocolate(條)a________________ofink(瓶)a________________oftea(壺)two______________offish(盤)three______________ofrice(袋)

4、four______________offurniture(件)five_______________ofsugar(磅)six________________ofclothes(套)3可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)構(gòu)成A.規(guī)則變化構(gòu)成法例詞一般情況在詞尾加______deskdeskspicturepictures以_______________結(jié)尾加______busbusesboxboxesbrushbrusheswatchwatches以輔音_

5、_____結(jié)尾，變____為_____加_________babybabiesfamilyfamiliescountrycountries以輔音_____結(jié)尾加______tomototomatoespotatopotatoesNegroNegroesvolcanovolcanoes黑人英雄愛在火山上吃土豆西紅柿以元音_____結(jié)尾加______radioradiosphotophotos以____或____結(jié)尾，變_______為__

6、__加_____lifelivesleafleaveshalfhalves為了自己活命，小偷和他的妻子拿著刀子和一片樹葉站在架子上，把狼劈成兩半。練習(xí)：寫出下列名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。1）shoe2)ange3)eye4)month5)fox6)match7)city8)class9)family10)country11)boy12)key13)leaf14)thief15)hero16)photoB.不規(guī)則變化1.單復(fù)同形deersheepf

7、ishChineseJapanesemeans2.只有復(fù)數(shù)形式peoplepolicecattleclothestrousersglasses3.不規(guī)則變化manmenwomanwomenfootfeettoothteethmousemicechildchildrenGermanGermans4.復(fù)合名詞的復(fù)數(shù)1)將后一部分變成復(fù)數(shù)EnglishmanEnglishmengentlemangentlemenpolicewomanpoli

8、cewomengrownupgrownups2)將主要成分變成復(fù)數(shù)lookeronlookersonsoninlawsonsinlaw3)如果前一詞是manwoman，將兩部分都變成復(fù)數(shù)mendoctswomensingers練習(xí)：roof________womandriver________________stepmother_______________sheep_____________Japanese______________

9、____sisterinlaw__________________（二）名詞所有格名詞所有格（表示所屬、類別、動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者或承受者）1.表示有生命的東西的名詞，所有格在名詞后加’stheteacher’spraisethecat’sfoodJames’dogthedogs’food2.表示無生命的東西的名詞，用of名詞的結(jié)構(gòu)來表示thelegofthedeskthecoverofthemagazine3.在時(shí)間，距離，度量，價(jià)值等名詞后

10、，可用名詞所有格。twomonths’timetoday’snewspaperfiftypounds’weight4.表示店鋪或某人的家時(shí)，常在所有格后省去shophome.thedoct’sthetail’smyuncle’sthebarber’s5.名詞前有冠詞，數(shù)詞，不定代詞或指示代詞時(shí)，用of詞組所有格表示afriendofJohn’sthatbikeofTom’s6.某樣?xùn)|西為兩人或多人共有，在后一個(gè)名詞尾’s.JaneFre

11、d’smotherJane’sFred’smotherTomTim’scarTom’sTim’scar（三）（三）名詞的用法名詞的用法名詞在句中作主語，賓語，表語，定語等。1、Thestyisveryinteresting.()2、Iamdrawingapicture.()3、Mybrotherisadoct.()4、Yourpencilboxissonice.()（四）（四）主謂一致主謂一致1.主語是復(fù)數(shù)，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)，主語是單數(shù)，謂語

12、用單數(shù)。Heisastudent.Wearestudents.2.連接兩個(gè)名詞，看有無the.Theprofesswriterisgoingtogiveusalectureofwriting.Theprofessthewriteraregoingtoourschool.3.Anumberof…和Thenumberof…后的謂語。Thenumberofpeoplewasfiftybutanumberofthemwereabsentfdif

13、ferentreasons.4.主語withaswellasbutexceptbesidesincluding…主語，謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)與第一個(gè)主語一致。Alibrarywithfivethousbooksisofferedtothenationasagift.Alltheteachersaswellasthestudents(be)invitedtotheparty.5以either…neither…nnotonly…butalso，n

14、ot…but…等連接兩個(gè)并列主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)應(yīng)按照就近原則就近原則。Eitheryouhe______(be)togo.NotonlyhebutalsoI______(be)wrong.Neitherthechildrenntheteacher_______(know)anythingaboutit.6.Therebe句型就近原則就近原則。There____apairofglassesonthedesk.There____two

15、patientsanurseinthehospital.7.有些名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式作為一個(gè)整體，(如度量，距離，金額，時(shí)間，書名等）其謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。Twoweeks___(be)notenoughtofinishthewk.1000dollars___(be)alargeamountofmoney.一、基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)1、Thereareonlytwelve______inthehospital.A.womandoctsB.womendoctsC.

16、womendoctD.womandoct2、MrSmithhastwo_______bothofwhomareteachersinaschool.A.brothersinlawB.brotherinlawsC.brothersinlawsD.brothersinlaw3、——Howmany______doesacowhave——Four.A.stomachesB.stomachC.stomachsD.stomachies4、Some__

17、____visitedourschoollastWednesday.A.GermanB.GermenC.GermansD.Germens5、The_______ofthebuildingarecoveredwithlotsof.A.roofsleavesB.roovesleafsC.roofleafD.roofsleafs6、Whenthefarmerreturnedhomehefoundthree_______missing.A.sh

18、eepsB.sheepesC.sheepD.sheepies7、Thatwasafifty_______engine.A.hsepowerB.hsespowerC.hsepowersD.hsespowers8、Myfatheroftengivesme______A.manyadviceB.muchadviceC.alotofadvicesD.afewadvice9、Marybrokea______whileshewaswashingup

19、.A.teacupB.acupofteaC.tea’scupD.cupteas10、Canyougiveussome______aboutthewriterA.infmationsB.infmationC.pieceofinfmationsD.piecesinfmation11、Ihadacupof_____twopiecesof_____thismning.A.teasbreadB.teasbreadsC.teabreadsD.tea

20、bread12、Asisknowntousall______travelsmuchfasterthan______.A.lightssoundsB.lightsoundC.soundlightD.soundslights13、Shetoldhimofallher_______A.hopefearB.hopesfearC.hopesfearsD.hopefears14、Therising_____have(has)alotof____to

21、thecrops.A.waterharmB.waterharmsC.watersharmD.watersharms15、Howfarawayisitfromheretoyourschool”About______.A.halfanhour”sdriveB.halfhoursdrivesC.halfanhourdrivesD.halfanhourdrive16、Theshirtisn”tmine.It”s_____.A.MrsSmithB

22、.Mrs”SmithC.MrsSmiths’D.MrsSmith”s17、MissJohnsonisafriendof_______.A.Mary’smotherB.Mary’smothers’C.Marymother’sD.Mary’smother’s18、LastweekIcalledatmy_____LastweekIcalledatmy_____.A.auntB.auntsC.aunt’sD.auntes’19、Thebeach

23、isa______throw.A.stoneB.stonesC.stones’D.stone’s20、Icanhardlyimagine____sailingacrosstheAtlanticOceaninfivedays.A.Peters’B.PeterC.PetersD.Peter’s二、提高練習(xí)1.Itwon”tmakemuch________whetheryouagreenot.A.difficultyB.troubleC.di

24、fferenceD.matter2.Noonehasyetsucceededinexplainingthe________ofhowlifebegan.A.causeB.problemC.reasonD.puzzle3.Youmustgettherewithinanhour.Thereshouldbeno___insendingthisinfmationtohim.A.questionB.problemC.quarreD.delay4.

25、Ican”tgiveyouthecardwithoutSmith”s________.A.agreementB.allowingC.permissionD.perfomance5.Whatimpressedmemostwasthattheyneverlost________.A.heartsB.heartC.theirheartD.theirhearts6.ThoughIspoketohimmanytimeshenevertookany

26、________ofwhatIsaid.A.remarkB.observationC.attentionD.notice7.Iwenttobuya________ofChinaDaily.A.pieceB.sheetC.lotD.copy8.ShellyhadpreparedcarefullyfherEnglishexaminationsothatshecouldbesureofpassingitonherfirst________.A

27、.intentionB.purposeC.attemptD.Desire9.Thereareusuallyatleasttwo________oflookingateveryquestion.A.meansB.directionsC.viewsD.Ways10.Wehavewkedouttheplannowwemustputitinto________.A.factB.realityC.practiceD.deed11.Sheisyou

28、ngfthejobbutontheother________sheiswelltrained.A.wayB.situationC.chanceD.h12.Themostimptant________ofhisspeechwasthatweshouldallwkwholeheartedlyfthepeople.A.pointB.senseC.spotD.view13.I”dlike________infmationaboutthemana

29、gementofyourhotelplease.Wellyoucouldhave________wdwiththemanager.Hemightbehelpful.A.someaB.ansomeC.somesomeD.ana14.Hetoldmehehadbeenofferedaverywellpaid________.A.businessB.serviceC.wkD.position15.Eachplayermustobey_____

30、___whoistheleaderoftheteam.A.captainB.acaptainC.thecaptainD.captains16.Itwas________thathehadtoaskfhelp.A.suchbigawkB.asobigjobC.asobigwkD.suchabigjob17.Hepedthe________brokeit.A.cupofcoffeeB.coffee”scupC.cupfcoffeeD.cof