1、虛擬語(yǔ)氣在非真實(shí)條件句中虛擬語(yǔ)氣在非真實(shí)條件句中從句主句例句與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)If主語(yǔ)助動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式（weredidhad）主語(yǔ)shouldwouldcouldmight動(dòng)詞原形IfIhadtimeIwouldattendthemeeting.IfIwereyouIshouldseizetheopptunitytogoabroad.與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)If主語(yǔ)had過(guò)去分詞主語(yǔ)shouldwouldcouldmighthave過(guò)去分詞

2、Ifyouhadtakenmyadviceyouwouldnothavefailedintheexam.與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)①I(mǎi)f主語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式②If主語(yǔ)wereto動(dòng)詞原形③If主語(yǔ)should動(dòng)詞原形(注意不能是would)主語(yǔ)shouldwouldcouldmight動(dòng)詞原形Ifyoucametomrowwewouldhavethemeeting.Ifitweretoraintomrowwewouldputoffthesptsme

3、eting.IfheshouldnotcometomrowweshouldputoffthemeetingtillnextMonday.①錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間條件句:當(dāng)條件狀語(yǔ)從句表示的行為和主句表示的行為所發(fā)生的時(shí)間不一致時(shí)，被稱為錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間條件句，動(dòng)詞的形式要根據(jù)它表示的時(shí)間作出相應(yīng)的調(diào)整。如：Ifyouhadfollowedmyadvicejustnowyouwouldbebetternow.Ifyouhadstudiedhardbefeyou

4、wouldbeacollegestudentnow.②if省略句在條件句中可以省略if把werehadshould提到句首，變成倒裝句式。如：IfIwereatschoolagainIwouldstudyharder.→WereIatschoolagainIwouldstudyharder.如果我還有上學(xué)的機(jī)會(huì)，我會(huì)更加努力學(xué)習(xí)。Ifyouhadcomeearlieryouwouldcatchthebus.→Hadyoucomeearl

5、ieryouwouldcatchthebus.如果你來(lái)得早點(diǎn)，你就能趕上公共汽車。Ifitshouldraintomrowwewouldnotgoclimbing.→Shoulditraintomrowwewouldnotgoclimbing.如果明天下雨的話，我們就不能登山去了。③用介詞代替條件狀語(yǔ)從句常用的介詞有withwithoutbutf。如：Whatwouldyoudowithamilliondollars(=ifyouhad

6、amilliondollars)如果你有100萬(wàn)元，你會(huì)做什么？Wecouldn’thavefinishedthewkaheadoftimewithoutyourhelp.(=ifwehadn’tgotyourhelp)沒(méi)有你的幫助，我們不可能提前完成這項(xiàng)工作。Withoutyourhelpwecouldn’thavefinishedthewkaheadoftime.=Butfyourhelp…=Ifithadnotbeenfyourh

7、elp…=Haditnotbeenfyouhelp…沒(méi)有你的幫助，我們不可能提前完成這項(xiàng)工作。④含蓄條件句有時(shí)在虛擬語(yǔ)氣中并不總是出現(xiàn)if引導(dǎo)的條件句，而是通過(guò)其他手段來(lái)代替條件句。如：Iwasillthatday.OtherwiseIwouldhavetakenpartinthesptsmeeting.(副詞)表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反或?qū)ΜF(xiàn)在情況有所懷疑，謂語(yǔ)用過(guò)去時(shí)Ireallydon’tlikethewayyouarespeakingt

8、ome.Itseemsasifyouweremyfather.我真的非常討厭你和我說(shuō)話的方式。你聽(tīng)起來(lái)就好像是我爸爸。表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反，謂語(yǔ)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)Hekepttellinguswhathadhappenedasifhehadbeentherehimself.他不停地和我們講發(fā)生的事情，好像他當(dāng)時(shí)在場(chǎng)一樣。在asifasthough引導(dǎo)的從句中有時(shí)也用陳述語(yǔ)氣，這時(shí)表示較大的真實(shí)性或可能性Itisbecomingdark.Itlo

9、oksasifit’sgoingtorain.天變黑了，似乎就要下雨了。ItseemsasifhehadbeentoAmerica.他好像去過(guò)美國(guó)。wouldratherdosth.表示將來(lái)或現(xiàn)在的事件，“主語(yǔ)寧愿自己做某事”Iwouldrathergotheretomrow.我想明天去那里。Hewouldrathernotstayathometonight.他今晚不想在家呆著。wouldratherhavedonesth.表示過(guò)去的事

10、件，“主語(yǔ)寧愿自己過(guò)去做了某事，但實(shí)際上沒(méi)有做”Shewouldrathernothavegonetotheparty.她覺(jué)得真是不該去參加那個(gè)晚會(huì)。wouldrathersb.Did表示的是將來(lái)或現(xiàn)在的事件，“主語(yǔ)寧愿讓另外一個(gè)人做某事”Don’tcometomrow.I’dratheryoucamenextweekend.明天就別來(lái)了，我希望你下周末過(guò)來(lái)。在wouldrather結(jié)構(gòu)中wouldrathersb.haddone表示過(guò)

11、去的事件，“主語(yǔ)寧愿別人過(guò)去做了某事，但實(shí)際上沒(méi)有做”Iwouldratheryouhadreturnedthebookyesterday.我真希望你昨天把這本書(shū)還了。在Itis(abouthigh)time(that)從句中從句中用過(guò)去時(shí)，表示早該做而未做的事，并含有建議的意味。Itishightimethatwebegantowk.咱們應(yīng)該開(kāi)始干活了。練習(xí)題練習(xí)題1.Ifmylawyer＿＿＿h(yuǎn)erelastSaturdayhe＿＿

12、＿mefromgoing.A.hadbeenwouldhavepreventedB.hadbeenwouldpreventC.werewouldpreventD.werewouldhaveprevented2.Ifit＿＿＿fthesnowwe＿＿＿themountainyesterday.A.werenotcouldhaveclimbedB.werenotcouldclimbC.hadnotbeencouldhaveclimbedD.

13、hadnotbeencouldclimb3.Withoutelectricity(電)humanlife＿＿＿quitedifficulttoday.A.isB.willbeC.wouldhavebeenD.wouldbe4.Ididn’tseeyoursisteratthemeetingifshe＿＿＿shewouldhavemetmybrother.A.hascomeB.didcomeC.cameD.hadcome5.Whenthe