1、英國文學選讀英國文學選讀Poems:Hamlet(Act3Scene1lines5586)生存或毀滅這是個必答之問題是否應默默的忍受坎苛命運之無情打擊還是應與深如大海之無涯苦難奮然為敵并將其克服。死即睡眠它不過如此!倘若一眠能了結心靈之苦楚與肉體之百患那么此結局是可盼的!死去睡去...但在睡眠中可能有夢啊這就是個阻礙:當我們擺脫了此垂死之皮囊在死之長眠中會有何夢來臨它令我們躊躇使我們心甘情愿的承受長年之災否則誰肯容忍人間之百般折磨如暴君

2、之政、驕者之傲失戀之痛、法章之慢貪官之侮、或庸民之辱假如他能簡單的一刃了之還有誰會肯去做牛做馬終生疲於操勞默默的忍受其苦其難而不遠走高飛飄於渺茫之境倘若他不是因恐懼身後之事而使他猶豫不前此境乃無人知曉之邦自古無返者進入我們無法知曉的地域所以「理智」能使我們成為懦夫而「顧慮」能使我們本來輝煌之心志變得黯然無光像個病夫再之這些更能壞大事亂大謀使它們失去魄力。HamletP81.Whyissleepsofrighteningaccdingto

3、Hamletsinceitcan“end”theheartachethethousnaturalshocks”Nobodycanpredictwhathewilldreamofafterhefallsasleep.Deathmeanstheendoflifeyoumaygotounknownwldyoucan’tcomeback.IfhediesHamlet’scantrealizehiswill.Though“sleep”canend

4、theheartachethethousnaturalshocksitisastateofmind.Hamletdidn’tknowatall.Heisfrightenedbythepossiblesufferinginthelong“dream”.Hecan’tpredictwhatwillhappeninthesleepmaybegoodmaybeevil.2.Whywouldpeopleratherbearallthesuffer

5、ingsofthewldinsteadofchoosingdeathtogetridofthemaccdingtoHamletDeathissomysteriousthatnobodyknowswhatdeathwillbringtous.Maybebittersufferingsgreatpainsheartbreakingsties…Becausepeopleholdthesameidea“togruntsweatunderawea

6、rylifebutthatthedreadofsomethingafterdeaththeundiscoveredcountryfmwhosebournnotravelerreturnspuzzlethewillmakeusratherbearthoseillswehavethanflytoothersthatweknownotof”Peoplealsoarefrightenedbythemythsinanotherwldafterde

7、ath.3.WhatafterallmakespeoplelosetheirdeterminationtotakeactionPleaseexplaininrelationtothesocalledhesitationofHamlet.Conscienceoverconsiderations.Hewantstorevengebutdoesn’tknowhow.Hewantstokillhisunclebutfindsittoorisky

8、.Helivesindespairwantstocommitsuicide.Howeverheknowsifhediesnobodywillcomfthisfather’sghost.Heisinfaceofgreatdilemma.Theydon’tknowtheresultaftertheirtakingtheaction.SuchasHamlethedoesn’tknowwhatwouldhappenifhekillshisnot

9、wethinkthebelovedisactuallymadeimmtal(justmeimmtalthanthesummer’sday)isupintheairbutit’scertainlywhatthespeakerwantsyoutothink.Line4:Thisiswherethespeakerstartspointingtohowshtsummerfeels.Usingpersonificationmetaphthespe

10、akersuggeststhatsummerhastakenoutaleaseontheweatherwhichmustbereturnedattheendofthesummer.Summeristreatedlikeahomerenterwhiletheweatheristreatedlikearealestateproperty.Lines78:Theselinesgiveustheproblem(everything’sgoing

11、tofadeaway)thatthepoetisgoingtowkagainst.Lines912:Theselinesarefullofallstsoffigurativelanguageallpointingtohowthespeakerisgoingtosavethebelovedfromthefateoffadingaway.Thebeloved’slifeisdescribedinametaphasa“summer“thenh

12、isherbeautyisdescribedinanothermetaphasacommoditythancanbeownedowed.Deathisthenpersonifiedastheoverseeroftheshade(ametaphitselffanafterlife).Finallythe“l(fā)inestotime“areametaphfpoetrywhichwillultimatelysavethebeloved“etern

13、al“isaparallelwith“eternalsummer“inline9.Lines1314:What’ssointerestingabouttheselinesisthatit’shardtotellwhetherthespeakerisusingfigurativelanguagenot.DoesheactuallymeanthatthepoemisalivethatitwillkeepthebelovedaliveWell

14、itdependswhatwemeanby“alive.“Ifwereadalivescientificallyasinbreathingthinkingwellthenaliveisdefinitelyametaph.Butifwereaditasdescribingacontinuedexistenceofsomekindwellthenmaybehedoesmeanitliterallysincesurelythepoemtheb

15、elovedexistfusinsomesense.Son18dealswiththeconventionalthemethatnaturalbeautywillsurelybeknockedoutwiththepassingoftimethatonlyart(poetry)canbringeternitytotheonethepoetloveseulogizes.IWeredLonelyasaCloudP61我好似一朵孤獨的流云，高高

16、地飄游在山谷之上，突然我看見一大片鮮花，是金色的水仙遍地開放，它們開在湖畔，開在樹下，它們隨風嬉舞，隨風波蕩。它們密集如銀河的星星，像群星在閃爍一片晶瑩，它們沿著海灣向前伸展，通往遠方仿佛無窮無盡；一眼看去就有千朵萬朵，萬花搖首舞得多么高興。粼粼湖波也在近旁歡跳，卻不如這水仙舞得輕俏；詩人遇見這快樂的旅伴，又怎能不感到欣喜雀躍；我久久凝視－－卻未領悟這景象所給我的精神至寶。后來多少次我郁郁獨臥，感到百無聊賴心靈空漠；這景象便在腦海中閃現(xiàn)